不同施氮量下夏玉米产量形成的源库关系  

The Relationship of Source and Sink for Yield Form in Summer Maize under Different Nitrogen Fertilizer Application Rate

作　　者：吕丽华[1] 王慧军[1] 王璞[2] 

机构地区：[1]河北省农林科学院,河北石家庄050051 [2]中国农业大学农学与生物技术学院,农业部作物栽培与耕作学重点实验室,北京100094

出　　处：《华北农学报》2010年第2期194-199,共6页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2007BAD69B09;2007BAD69B05);玉米行业科技项目(NYHYVX07-003-0X)

摘　　要：本试验对0,90,180,270kg/hm24个施氮量下夏播玉米CF008、郑单958和金海5号产量形成的源库关系进行了研究,目的是明确不同株穗型品种在不同施氮量下限制产量的主要因素。结果表明,3个品种夏玉米均在施氮量90～180kg/hm2下冠层透光率较高,LAI发展动态合理(前快、中稳、后衰慢),群体光合性能较高;其群体粒数、群体粒重和籽粒品质较高,源库性能较优。早衰型品种CF008成熟期粒叶比处理间无规律可循;郑单958成熟期粒叶比随施氮量增加而增加,在施氮量较高的条件下成熟期源不足是限制产量的主要因素;而保绿性较好的品种金海5号成熟期粒叶比随施氮量增加而降低,施氮量较高条件下库不足是限制产量的主要因素。The experiment was employed with main plot of nitrogen fertilizer application rate （0,90,180 and 270 kg/ha respectively）,sub-plot of cultivar （CF008,Zhengdan 958 and Jinhai 5 respectively）,and studied the relation- ship of source and sink three summer maize cultivars. The objective to clear what was the limiting factor for grain yield of different cuhivar under different nitrogen fertilizer application rate （ N rate）. The main results showed that the rela- tionship of source and sink was harmonious under N rate 90 - 180 kg/ha for three summer maize cultivars. Percent transmission and Pn of middle and upper layer leaf were high, and LAI developmental dynamic were rational because of the even light distribution within canopy, moreover, population grain number, population grain weight, and grain quality were high under N rate 90 - 180 kg/ha. For premature senility cultivar CF008 ,the effect of N rate on the ratio of grain number to leaf area was not significant. For Zhengdan 958,the ratio of grain number to leaf area in maturity was improving with N rate increasing,and sink number was larger than source under N rate 270 kg/ha. So the limiting factor for grain yield was source under high N rate for Zhengdan 958. While Jinhai 5 was opposite, the ratio of grain number to leaf area in maturity was decreasing with N rate increasing,and source number was larger than sink when increasing N rate, so the limiting factor for grain yield was sink not source.

关 键 词：夏玉米 氮肥 源库关系 

分 类 号：S531[农业科学—作物学]