三种抗旱措施对油桃物候期及土壤物理性质的影响  

Effects of Three Anti-drought Measures on the Growth and Development of Nectarine and the Physical Character of Soil

作　　者：杜晋城[1] 涂美艳[2] 雍洪俊 江国良[2] 廖明安[3] 王小平[1] 

机构地区：[1]南充市高坪区农业局果树站,四川南充637100 [2]四川省农业科学院园艺研究所,四川成都610066 [3]四川农业大学园艺学院,四川雅安625014

出　　处：《北方园艺》2010年第9期1-4,共4页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：四川省科技厅公益性研究资助项目(2008FZ0094);四川省德阳市重点科技资助项目(校市合作项目2007nh061)

摘　　要：以6a生曙光油桃为材料．研究了黑膜覆盖、秸秆覆盖和保水剂对油桃物候期及土壤物理性质的影响。结果表明：在油桃生长发育期内，黑膜覆盖与保水剂能有效提高树盘土壤20cm深处的地温，并使果实着色始期、成熟期较对照提前2～4d；各抗旱措施均能很好地保持树盘土壤0～20cm（上层）、20-40cm（下层）的水分含量，其中以保水剂效果最显著；保水剂在降低树盘上、下层土壤容重上的作用较其它措施大，可使果实成熟期树盘上、下层土壤总孔隙度比对照分别提高12．627／6和4．69％。The 6-year-old Shuguang nectarine trees taken as the materials were studied in this experiment. It studied the influence of black membrane mulching, straw mulching and aquasorb on nectarine. The results showed that during the development period of nectarine, the black membrane coverage and aquasorb could raise the ground temperature of the soil of 20 cm deep, and the beginning time of fruit coloring and maturity period also could be advanced about 2-4 days. All of the anti-drought measures could primely keep the moisture content of the soil（upper layer deep in 0-20 cm and bottom layer deep in 20-40 cm）, and accelerate the development and growth of fruit and new tip. Among these measures, the effect of aquasorb was the best one. The measure of aquasorb had the most obvious effect on lowering the volume weight of soil, and it also could increase the upper layer and bottom layer soil total porosity about 12.62% and 4. 69% respectively during the fruit maturing stage.

关 键 词：黑膜覆盖 秸秆覆盖 保水剂 油桃 土壤物理性质 

分 类 号：S662.1[农业科学—果树学]