龙泉1号天然三倍体枇杷的花粉形态及生活力  

Pollen morphology and viability of Longquan No. 1 natural triploid of loquat

作　　者：郭启高[1] 季昆[1] 吴琼[1] 何桥[1] 武宇坤[1] 李晓林[1] 梁国鲁[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南大学园艺园林学院,重庆北碚400716

出　　处：《果树学报》2010年第3期391-396,共6页Journal of Fruit Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(30971986);重庆市科委自然科学基金(9214)

摘　　要：以龙泉1号枇杷的二倍体、天然三倍体株系为材料,应用扫描电镜进行了花粉形态的分析,并通过FDA荧光染色法、醋酸洋红染色、TTC法及离体萌发试验对花粉生活力进行测定,利用田间正反交试验,对其花粉在柱头上的自然萌发以及花粉管的生长过程进行观察。结果表明,(1)龙泉1号二倍体花粉属于N3P4C5类型,天然三倍体花粉有6种形态;(2)FDA染色表明15个龙泉1号三倍体枇杷株系的花粉生活力具有显著差异,且其测定的花粉生活力最接近实际的离体萌发率;(3)不同倍性植株的花粉在柱头中的生长主要取决于枇杷花粉的生活力,而与母本的倍性关系较小,且花粉管在柱头中为非匀速生长。The diploid and natural triploid of Longquan No.1 loquat （Eriobotryajaponica Lindl.） were used to observe the pollen morphology by scanning electron microscope SEM, meanwhile four methods i.e. FDA staining, Acetate-magenta staining,TTC and pollen germination in medium were involved in testing the pollen viability. The reciprocal pollination experiment was used to observe pollen germination and pollen tube growth of each ploidy by fluorescence microscope. The results showed that： （1） the pollens of diploid loquat belonged to N3P4C5 model, while the pollens of natural triploid loquat had 6 morphology models; （2） the pollen viability detected by FDA staining was significantly different among 15 lines of triploid loquat, and the viability percentage is closer to the pollen germination percentage in medium compared with the percentage detected by other two methods; （3） pollen viability was the main factor that resuhed in the change of pollen germination, pollen tube growth and growing speed in the stigma, moreover, the growth of pollen tube in stigma was non-uniform. All of the results will provide a basis for the sexual reproduction research of triploid loquat.

关 键 词：枇杷 天然三倍体 花粉形态 花粉活力 花粉管 

分 类 号：S667.3[农业科学—果树学]