泾惠渠灌区地下水位动态变化特征及成因分析  

Dynamic variation characteristics and cause analysis of underground water level in Jinghui Irrigation District

作　　者：刘燕[1] 

机构地区：[1]长安大学水与发展研究院,陕西西安710054

出　　处：《人民长江》2010年第8期100-103,107,共5页Yangtze River

基　　金：国家教育部和外专局联合资助"111"引智计划项目(B08039)

摘　　要：泾惠渠是我国典型的大型井渠双灌灌区,自20世纪80年代以来地下水位持续大幅下降。从自然和人为两个方面分析了可能引起灌区地下水位持续下降的原因,指出地表引水灌溉量大幅减少导致地下水长期采补失衡,大量的地下水含水地层被超采疏干,是造成灌区地下水位持续大幅下降的最直接原因。此外,90年代以来的降水减少、蒸发增大以及相应地质因素的改变也对地下水位下降起到了一定的作用。结合灌区的实际水资源现状条件,提出加大地表水灌溉水量,适时适地地对灌区地下水进行人工涵养是有效缓解灌区地下水位下降、保障灌溉水资源供水安全、实现水资源持续利用的最佳途径。Jinghui Irrigation District is a typical large-scale irrigation district with groundwater and surface water as irrigation water source.From the 1980s,the groundwater level began to fall severely and continuously.Possible reasons for groundwater level fall are discussed in the aspects of nature and human.The results indicate that surface water irrigation quantity reduction destroys water balance,and large quantity aquifers are drained,which is the most direct reason for fall of regional groundwater level.Besides,since 1990s,reduction in precipitation,increase of evaporation and changes of geological factors cause the decrease of underground water level at some extent.In view of water resources condition,we point out that,by diverting more surface water for irrigation,recharging local groundwater to relieve groundwater level fall timely,is the best way to ensure irrigation water resources safety and realize sustainable exploitation of water resources in the irrigation district.

关 键 词：地下水动态 水位下降 成因 对策 泾惠渠灌区 

分 类 号：TV211.12[水利工程—水文学及水资源]