ICRISAT花生微核心种质青枯病抗性鉴定  

Identification and Molecular Traits of ICRISAT Mini Core Collection Peanut Species with Resistance to Bacterial Wilt

作　　者：吕建伟[1] 姜慧芳[1] 任小平[1] 张晓杰[1] 廖伯寿[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院油料作物研究所农业部油料作物生物学重点实验室,武汉430062

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2010年第10期47-51,共5页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划(2006BAD13B05-2);国家自然科学基金项目(30571132);国家科技基础条件平台项目(2005DKA21002-13);农作物种质资源保护项目(NB05-070401-32)

摘　　要：通过对ICRISAT花生微核心种质155份材料青枯病的抗性鉴定,研究利用核心种质发掘抗青枯病材料的有效性,并研究抗病种质的遗传多样性。通过抗青枯病鉴定,获得ICG9249和ICG12625两份抗青枯病材料,其平均抗性达到了91.7%。与中国核心高抗5份种质共同作为材料,以SSR技术对其亲缘关系和遗传多样性进行了分析。在选用的58对SSR引物中,24对引物能扩增出稳定的多态性条带,这些引物能在抗青枯病花生种质基因组DNA中扩增出2~7个DNA片段。结果表明,7份抗青枯病种质的遗传距离为0.17~0.71,平均为0.49。其中ICG12625和撮豆、富川大花生的遗传距离最大（0.71）,嵊县小红毛和富川大花生的遗传距离最小（0.17）。经过统计,两两品种之间遗传距离达0.50以上的有12个组合,说明了这些抗青枯病种质资源的遗传多样性。根据DNA扩增结果,绘制了抗青枯病种质的指纹图谱,明确了其SSR分子特性。通过聚类分析结果和植物学性状调查结果显示,两份ICRISAT微核心种质材料与中国核心种质距离较远,且具有优良的植物学性状。因此,ICRISAT微核心种质青枯病抗性材料的发掘对扩宽中国花生青枯病抗性育种的遗传基础极有很高的理论应用价值,为花生抗青枯病材料的应用奠定了基础。The relationship and genetic diversity among 7Arachis germplasm which were resistant to bacterial wilt from ICRISAT mini core collection and China core collection were systematically investigated based on SSR markers and botanic traits. Resistance of two genotypes acquired from 155 accessions of ICRISAT mini core collection to bacterial wilt was as high as 91.7%. Twenty-four SSR primer pairs with polymorphic bands ranging from 2 to 7 were selected through 58 primer pairs screening. The genetic distance varied from 0.17-0.71 with average of 0.49 amongArachis species. The distance between the accession ICG12625 and two genotypes‘（ Zuodou’,‘Fuchuan’） showed the largest （0.71）, while the least distance was detected between ‘Shengxian’and‘Fuchuan’. There were 12 pairs of accession of which distance was larger than 0.50. The DNA molecular characters and fingerprints of the 7 accessions were detected based on SSR products. Clustering result had showed that ICG12625 had larger distance than other genotypes and was divided into a subspecies alone. ICG12625 could be used as breeding genotypes.

关 键 词：花生 核心种质 遗传多样性 青枯病 SSR 

分 类 号：Q-33[生物学]