影响土壤真菌多样性的土壤因素  

Study on Soils Effect Factors to Fungi Diversity in Hebei Province

作　　者：高玉峰[1] 贺字典[2] 

机构地区：[1]河北科技师范学院保卫处,河北秦皇岛066604 [2]河北科技师范学院生命科技学院,河北秦皇岛066604

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2010年第10期177-181,共5页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：河北省科技支撑计划项目"河北省蔬菜保护地木霉多样性及复合型生防制剂研究"(07220304)

摘　　要：土壤真菌是土壤微生物的重要组成部分,常作为衡量土壤肥力好坏的指标。采用标准土壤养分测定方法研究了土壤速效养分、有机肥、含水量、土壤质地对土壤真菌多样性的影响,以期为保护地蔬菜合理种植、防治土传病害提供理论依据。结果表明:在土壤因子中,以有机肥含量对土壤真菌的数量和种类的影响最大,相关系数分别为0.976和0.960。而其他土壤因子与真菌数量和种类关系不大。同时采用形态标准鉴定出24属74种真菌,分别为疫霉(Phytophthora)、毛霉(Mucor)、共头霉(Syncephalastrum)、毛壳(Chaetomium)、青霉(Penicillium)、曲霉(Aspergillus)、镰孢菌(Fusarium)、枝顶孢(Acremonium)、炭疽菌(Colletorichum)、头孢霉(Cephalosporium)、被毛枝葡萄孢(Botryotrichum)、漆斑菌(Myrothecium)、被孢霉(Mortierella)、细基束梗霉(Cephalotrichum)、圆酵母(Torula)、粘帚霉(Gliocladium)、毁丝霉(Myceliophthora)、金孢(Chrysoporium)、轮枝菌(Vertillium)、弯颈霉(Tolypocladium)、腐质霉(Humicola)、葡萄穗霉(Stachybotrys)、木霉(Ttrichoderma)和丝核菌(Rhizoctonia)。Soil effect factors such as usable N, P and K, organic nutrition, humidity and soil texture to fungi diversity were studied in the thesis. The results showed that there was obvious relationship between organic nutrition and fungal species and quantity, because the related coefficient was 0.976 and 0.960, respectively. At the same time, 24 genus, 74 species fungus were identified, which were Phytophthora , Mucor , Syncephalastrum , Chaetomium , Fusarium , Acremonium , Colletorichum , Penicillium , Cephalosporium , Botryotrichum , Myrothecium , Mortierella , Cephalotrichum , Torula , Gliocladium , Myceliophthora , Chrysoporium ,Vertillium ,Tolypocladium ,Humicola ,Stachybotrys ,Trichoderma andRhizoctonia .

关 键 词：蔬菜保护地 真菌种类和数量 土壤影响因素 

分 类 号：S182[农业科学—农业基础科学]