尿液HIV-1抗体检测及其临床意义  

Detection and clinical significance of HIV-1 antibody in urine

作　　者：郭婧婧[1] 徐丹 王敏 谢巍巍[3] 刘文恩[1] 

机构地区：[1]中南大学湘雅医院,湖南长沙410008 [2]长沙市传染病医院,湖南长沙410011 [3]中南大学湘雅医学院医学检验系,湖南长沙410013

出　　处：《中国感染控制杂志》2010年第1期22-24,共3页Chinese Journal of Infection Control

摘　　要：目的探讨尿液标本中人免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)-1抗体检测的临床意义。方法应用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)对59例经疾病预防控制中心(CDC)确诊的HIV感染者及30例健康体检者血液和尿液标本同时进行HIV-1抗体检测;以确认结果为准,计算尿液HIV-1抗体检测的敏感度、特异度。结果 59例经CDC确诊的HHIV感染者血清HIV-1抗体全部阳性,相应尿液中HIV-1抗体阳性53例,阴性6例;对照组30例的血清HIV-1抗体全部阴性,相应尿液1例HIV-1抗体阳性,经血清ELISA法及胶体硒法对该样本进行HIV-1抗体检测均阴性。以确认结果为准,尿液HIV-1抗体检测阳性敏感度为89.83%,特异度为96.67%。结论在采集血液标本不便的情况下,可通过检测尿液HIV-1抗体对高危人群进行HIV感染筛查。Objective To evaluate the clinical significance of detecting anti-HIV-1 antibody in urine samples. Methods Anti-HIV-1 antibody was tested in serum and urine samples from 59 HIV-infected persons diagnosed by Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention and 30 healthy controls with ELISA; Taking the results of the counterpart serum samples tested as standard, the sensitivity and specificity of anti-HIV-1 antibody in urine samples were calculated. Results Among 59 HIV-infected cases, anti-HIV-1 antibody positive results of serum test were observed in all cases, while 53 urine samples showed positive and 6 ones were negative. None of the serum samples showed anti-HIV-1 antibody positive in the control group, but 1 urine sample was positive, which was determined to be negative by serum enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and electroselenium assay. The sensitivity and specificity for the urine ELISA were 89. 83% and 96. 67% respectively. Conclusion The results indicate that urine anti- HIV-1 antibody can be tested to screen HIV infection in high risk population, if serum samples are unavailable.

关 键 词：人免疫缺陷病毒 艾滋病 尿液 HIV-1抗体 实验室技术和方法 

分 类 号：R512.91[医药卫生—内科学]