黄土高原丘陵沟壑区土地利用与水土保持措施的变化特征  

Study on Relationships Between Land Use Change and Soil and Water Conservation Measures in Typical Watershed of Loess Plateau Hilly and Gully Region

作　　者：伍飞舟[1] 杨卓[1] 牛健植[1] 张大伟[1] 张晓明[2] 陈月红[2] 

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学水土保持学院教育部水土保持与荒漠化防治重点实验室,北京100083 [2]中国水利水电科学研究院,北京100038

出　　处：《水土保持研究》2010年第2期10-14,19,共6页Research of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划973项目专题(2007CB407207-05)

摘　　要：为了给生态环境脆弱的黄土高原丘陵沟壑区的土地利用和水土保持措施提供有效的决策支持,该文通过对甘肃省天水市罗玉沟流域和吕二沟流域这两个黄土高原丘陵沟壑区典型流域的土地利用变化、水土保持措施变化及其驱动力进行分析,研究各个驱动因子对土地利用变化的影响以及水土保持措施的变化。利用TM、ETM+影像图,同时结合实测资料从而计算出该两流域在研究时段内的土地利用的变化贡献率、变化强度指数和变化速度3项指数,然后结合流域的各项水土保持措施的统计资料进行分析。研究结果表明:罗玉沟流域林地和梯田的面积均有显著增加,坡耕地面积显著减少;吕二沟流域林地面积增加明显,而草地和灌木面积急剧萎缩。这也与该两流域在水土保持措施方面以修建梯田和造林为主是一致的。同时,在影响土地利用变化的各个驱动因子中,社会经济因素对于土地利用变化的影响较大。In order to give effective decision support for land-use and soil and water conservation measures about the region of weak ecological environment in the Loess Plateau hilly and gully region, this article studied the land-use change and soil and water conservation measure change and the driving force of the typical watershed （Luoyugou watershed and Luergou watershed） in Loess Plateau hilly and gully region in Tianshui city, Gansu province, and analyzed the various driving forces which affect the land-use changes, as well as the impact of changes in the soil and water conservation measures. Using TM, ETM＋ image, and combining with the actual data and calculating the three index which are land-use changing contribution rate, changing intensity index and the speed of changing, and then in combination with the statistical data of soil and water conservation measures to analyze. The woodland and the terrace area of Luoyugou watershed significantly increased but the slope farmland area significantly reduced. The woodland area of Luergou watershed significantly increased, but the shrub and grassland ar- ea sharply reduced. This result is consistent with the soil and water conservation measures which focus on the building of terrace and woodland. At the same time, between the various driving forces which impact the land-use change, the socio-economic factors are the greatest one.

关 键 词：典型流域 土地利用变化 水土保持措施 驱动力 

分 类 号：F301.24[经济管理—产业经济] S157[农业科学—土壤学]