轿子山自然保护区急尖长苞冷杉林群落特征研究  

A study on the community of Abies georgei var. smithii in Jiaozi Mountain Nature Reserve

作　　者：杜小浪[1] 杜凡[1] 曾辉[1,2] 陈勇[1] 姚莹[1] 张辉[1] 李朝阳[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南林业大学资源学院,云南昆明650224 [2]贵州省林业调查规划院,贵州贵阳550003

出　　处：《云南大学学报（自然科学版）》2010年第3期358-364,372,共8页Journal of Yunnan University(Natural Sciences Edition)

基　　金：云南省重点学科野生动植物保护与利用项目资助(XKZ200904);轿子山自然保护区综合科学考察项目资助

摘　　要：轿子山的急尖长苞冷杉（Abies georgeivar.smithii）林是西南地区同类森林中分布纬度和海拔最低的类型,具有重要的地理学意义和保护价值.急尖长苞冷杉林目前残存于昆明北部禄劝县和东川区,主要分布于轿子山保护区内,分布海拔为2700-4000m.基于10个20m×25m的样地资料的研究,结果表明其生物多样性特征是：群落样地由252种维管植物组成.种子植物属的分布区类型以北温带成分为主,占40.77%.种以中国特有成分为主,占30.74%.②生活型谱以地面芽植物为主,占38.53%.其次是高位芽植物,占32.90%.③该群落叶型以单叶（81.82%）、纸质叶（50.65%）、非全缘叶（54.11%）、中型（51.95%）和小型叶（40.69%）、非渐尖（77.49%）占优势.④群落中草本层的物种丰富度最大,Simpson指数和Shannon-Wiener指数均是草本层〉灌木层〉乔木层,Pielou均匀度指数是草本层〉乔木层〉灌木层.Compared with other similar forest community types in southwest China where Abies georgei var.smithii was distributed,Jiaozi Mountain Nature Reserve was the lowest both in elevation and latitude,which had significance geographical value and was worth being protected.The Abies georgei var.smithii mainly distributed in the area with elevation between 2700—4000 meters in Jiaozi Mountain Nature Reserve,which was more widespread in Dongchuan district and Luquan county of Kunming.After studying the 10 plot samples（20m×25m）,we found that the characters in biodiversity as follows：① 252 kinds of vascular plants were recorded in this community.The flora of the seed plants was mainly generic level,the North Temperate genera took up 40.77% as the dominant factor,and on the species level the chinese endemics took the principal part as about 30.74%.② Hemicryptophytes played the first with 38.53% in the life form spectrum in the Abies georgei var.smithii community,and phanerophytes second with 32.90%.③ The predominant leaf types were simple leaf（81.82%）,paper leaf（50.65%）,unentire leaf（54.11%）,mesophyll（51.95%）,microphyll（40.69%）and unacuminate（77.49%）separately in the community.④ In this community,Simpson index and Shannon-Wiener index both showed that herb layershrub layerarbor layer,but Pielou index showed herb layerarbor layershrub layer.Therefore,the herb layer had the highest species richness.

关 键 词：轿子山 急尖长苞冷杉 物种多样性 海拔 纬度 

分 类 号：Q948.15[生物学—植物学]