玉米籽粒赖氨酸含量的配合力效应及杂种优势分析  

Analysis of combining ability and heterosis on lysine content in maize kernels over environments

作　　者：刘宗华[1] 刘义宝[1] 李浩川[1] 谭晓军[1] 胡彦民[1] 汤继华[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学农学院,郑州450002

出　　处：《东北农业大学学报》2010年第4期1-6,共6页Journal of Northeast Agricultural University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(30871537);国家"863"计划(2006AA100103);河南省重点科技攻关项目(082102140021)

摘　　要：以选自不同杂种优势类群的10个玉米自交系为亲本,按照Griffing设计配成正反交90个组合,分别在河南3个地点进行随机区组试验,测定籽粒赖氨酸含量,分析基因型、地点及其互作对玉米籽粒赖氨酸含量的影响,并进行配合力和杂种优势分析。结果表明,地点和基因型各自之间差异以及地点×基因型的互作效应差异均达极显著水平;亲本赖氨酸含量的一般配合力(GCA)和特殊配合力(SCA)效应差异均达极显著水平,组合的赖氨酸含量以GCA效应为主;自交系E28、8085和Mo17的赖氨酸含量以及GCA效应均较高,是高赖氨酸育种的重要资源,尤其是E28,其赖氨酸含量和GCA效应分别达0.42%、0.502,有更大利用潜力;赖氨酸含量表现负向杂种优势,并与蛋白质含量存在极显著正相关(r=0.6052),而与产量之间存在显著负相关(r=-0.2280),表明对产量和品质同时改良的难度远大于对单一性状的改良。Total of 90 reciprocal crosses were composed according to Griffing design by using 10 inbreds from different heterotic groups, and trailed under randomized block design at three locations in Henan Province. The lysine content in kernels was tested by using MATRIX-I type NIRS, and the effects of genotypes, locations and their interactions as well as combining abilities and heterosis were evaluated on corn lysine content in F2 kernels. The results showed that highly significant differences had been found in different locations, genotypes and the Iocationxgenotype interactions. Meanwhile, highly significant differences existed in GCA and SCA effects of lysine content among parents, and the GCA effect was main on lysine content. The inbred lines E28, 8085 and Mo17, with high lysine content and high GCA effect, were important resources in high lysine breeding, especially E28 with greater potential usage, which lysine content and GCA effect were 0.42% and 0.502, respectively. Lysine content in kernels of hybrid expressed negative heterosis and showed positive relations with protein content （r=0.6052）, while negative relations with grain yield （r=-0.2280）. It inferred that the improvement of yield and quality synchronously would be far more difficult than the improvement of a single trait.

关 键 词：玉米 自交系 赖氨酸 配合力 杂种优势 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]