青岛藻华的形态学观察和分子鉴定  

Morphological characteristics and molecular phylogenetic analysis of the Qingdao algal bloom.

作　　者：徐涛[1] 许瑾[1] 朱水芳[1] 陈长发 

机构地区：[1]中国检验检疫科学研究院动植物检疫研究所,北京100029 [2]青岛出入境检验检疫局

出　　处：《植物检疫》2010年第1期1-5,共5页Plant Quarantine

基　　金：国家质检总局科技计划项目(No.2005IK053);中国检科院专项(No.2009JK002青岛近岸浒苔绿潮种类的鉴定)

摘　　要：2008年5月下旬,青岛周边海域出现大面积的藻华现象,对青岛3处海滨采集样品进行形态学观察,初步鉴定属于同一种浒苔属浒苔(Enteromorpha prolifera),藻体从深绿色到浅绿色,管状或扁压,膜质,丛生,主枝明显,分枝细长众多;藻体细胞大小不均一,有多个蛋白核。但是根据对质体基因rbcL和核基因ITS的系统发生学分析显示它属于典型的LPP(Ulva linza-procera-prolifera)复合种。The phenomenon of algal blooms or green tide is one of the major environmental problems over the world.Ulva and Enteromorpha are two of the best known marine green alga genera,which widely distribute in marine,freshwater and brackish environments throughout the world and are responsible for widespread green tides.Approximately 80 species are now included in Enteromorpha genera,of which only 11 species are currently recognized in China.A largescale green tide occurred in the Qingdao beach in the end of May,2008.The green tide algae were same and classified as Enteromorpha prolifera.The results show that all samples have typical morphological characters of Enteromorpha,such as distinct thalli and branches.And the section view showed that all samples form hollow tubes of one cell thick,membranaceous and the cells particularly locate in the middle of the tube.But they are different in thallus length and width,cell size and colour which are from dark green to light green.There were mutiple pyrenoids in the cells.In this study,molecular data were used in parallel with morphological characters to resolve the taxonomic problems.The segment selected for molecular phylogenetic analysis were cpDNA rbcL and rDNA internal transcribed spacers（ITS）.The phylogenetic analysis show that it forms a clade with representatives of the Ulva linza-procera-prolifera（LPP） complex.

关 键 词：浒苔 LPP 形态学鉴定 分子鉴定 

分 类 号：Q944[生物学—植物学]