不同覆盖材料对干旱区春小麦棵间蒸发的影响  

Effect of Different Mulching Materials to Soil Evaporation of Spring Wheat in Aid Region

作　　者：景明[1] 姜丙州[1] 张会敏[1] 李强坤[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]黄河水利科学研究院,郑州450003 [2]水利部黄河泥沙重点实验室,郑州450003

出　　处：《水资源与水工程学报》2010年第2期92-95,99,共5页Journal of Water Resources and Water Engineering

基　　金：国家自然基金项目(50879027);中央级科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(HKY-JBYW-2007-15)

摘　　要：为深入分析不同覆盖材料对干旱区春小麦棵间蒸发的影响,采用微型蒸发仪研究了石羊河流域地膜覆盖和秸秆覆盖条件下的春小麦棵间蒸发。研究表明:试验区春小麦棵间蒸发表现为生长初期和末期较高,生长中期较小的特点。相对无覆盖措施,地膜覆盖和秸秆覆盖日均棵间蒸发量分别降低15.6%和36.1%。无覆盖措施、地膜覆盖和秸秆覆盖的累计棵间蒸发量分别占春小麦生育期降水量及相应总灌水量之和的30.4%,26.2%和19.9%。拔节之前,地膜覆盖和秸秆覆盖条件下春小麦的棵间蒸发受表层土壤水分的影响程度基本一致,拔节之后,秸秆覆盖表现出相对地膜覆盖更好的保墒效果。In order to analyze the effect of different mulching materials to the soil evaporation of spring wheat,the small evaportors were used to study the soil evaporation under the mulohing condition of film and straw in Shiyang River Basin,the results have shown that： Soil evaporation of spring wheat was higher at the early growth period and terminal phase than the middle growth stage.Comparing film and straw mulching to the no-mulching,the daily average soil evaporation reduced 15.6% and 36.1% respectively.The acumulative soil evaporation under no-mulching,film mulching and straw mulching was accounted for 30.4%,26.2% and 19.6% of total precipitation and irrigation quota in the growth period.The surface soil water content effecting on soil evaporation is basically identical with different mulching materials before spring wheat jointing,but straw mulching has better effect on soil moisture preservation after the jointing stage.

关 键 词：地膜覆盖 秸秆覆盖 棵间蒸发 土壤水分 

分 类 号：S161.4[农业科学—农业气象学]