滨海盐渍区海水养殖废水利用与减蒸抑盐措施研究  

Studies on Utilization of Saline Aquaculture Water and Measures to Reduce Evaporation and Salt Accumulation in Subarid Coastal Zones

作　　者：赵耕毛[1,2] 刘兆普[1,2] 张博[1] 李杰[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学资源与环境科学学院,南京210095 [2]江苏省海洋生物学重点实验室,南京210095

出　　处：《土壤》2010年第2期292-296,共5页Soils

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30600086)资助

摘　　要：在半干旱的莱州地区,利用微区试验研究了海水养殖废水灌溉和秸秆覆盖双重作用下滨海盐土水盐行为及其耐盐能源作物(菊芋)效应。结果表明:秸秆覆盖能明显抑制土面蒸发,具有很好的保墒效果;秸秆覆盖能明显减弱土壤盐分的表聚作用,有效缓解了盐分对作物的直接接触危害。因海水养殖废水灌溉带入土体的大量盐分通过低频次的补充灌溉措施,以及夏季雨水的自然淋洗,土壤表层盐分在可控范围之内。秸秆覆盖能改善作物株形,显著增加作物产量,为我国滨海盐碱地区高矿化度的咸水资源有效利用以及耐盐能源作物生产提供了基本依据。In subarid areas ofLai Chou, plot experiment was conducted to study the effects of soil-crop systems under saline aquaculture water irrigation and straw coverage conditions. The results showed that straw coverage could inhibit soil water evaporation, thus could maintain soil moisture; moreover, straw coverage could significantly reduce salt accumulation in surface soil layer and effectively alleviate crop salt stress due to the direct contact with salts. A high amount of salt, as a result of aquaculture water irrigation, could be leached out by low-frequency supplementary aquaculture water irrigation as well as natural rain water in the summer; the accumulated salts in soil was under control within salt-tolerant threshold of Jerusalem artichoke. Straw coverage could improve effectively plant morphology and increase significantly crop yield. Therefore, straw coverage is a reliable agronomic technique for the use of high saline water in the coastal salinized areas.

关 键 词：秸秆覆盖 海水养殖废水 滨海盐碱地 菊芋 

分 类 号：S15[农业科学—土壤学]