圈养狼行为活动的时间分配  

Activity Patterns and Time Allocation of Captive Wolves

作　　者：沙未来[1,2,3] 郭小龙[2] 张洪海[2] 陈磊[2,4] 孔繁繁[5] 张承德[2] 

机构地区：[1]中科院西北高原生物研究所,青海西宁810001 [2]曲阜师范大学生命科学学院,山东曲阜273165 [3]中科院研究生院,北京100039 [4]东北林业大学,黑龙江哈尔滨150040 [5]山东轻工业学院,山东济南250353

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2010年第11期5676-5677,5681,共3页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(No.30370218);新世纪优秀人才支持计划(NCET-07-0507);山东省优秀中青年科学家奖励基金(2005BS02005)

摘　　要：[目的]研究圈养狼的行为时间分配和活动规律。[方法]选取哈尔滨北方森林动物园的4对圈养狼为研究对象,采用瞬时扫描取样法和全事件取样法对其行为时间分配和活动规律进行研究。[结果]圈养狼昼间行为时间分配中,卧息所占比例最多,为49.38%;其次是运动和站立,分别为23.35%和17.73%;其他行为占9.54%。昼间运动和卧息均有2个高峰期,卧息的高峰期在9:30～12:40和15:30以后,运动的高峰期在8:10～9:20和12:50～15:20,而取食仅在14:00左右有1个高峰期。不同性别圈养狼的活动规律基本相似。[结论]圈养狼与野生狼在行为时间分配和活动规律上既有相似之处,又存在明显差异。[Objective] To study the time allocation and activity patterns of the captivity wolves.[Method] A total of four pairs of captive wolves in Harbin North Forest Zoo were selected as the research materials.Their activity patterns and time allocation were studied by instantaneous scan sampling and all-occurrence sampling methods.[Results] The proportion of resting up time accounted for 49.38% of diurnal behavior time,which was the highest allocation of diurnal time,followed by the movement and standing,accounted for 23.35% and 17.73%,respectively; other behavioral activities only accounted for 9.54%.Diurnal movement and resting both showed two peak periods,the peak of resting were during 9：30-12：40 and after 15：30,and the peak of movement were in 8：10-9：20 and 12：50-15：20.While the peak of feeding only happened at about 14：00.The activity patterns of the captive wolves with different genders were similar.[Conclusion] The similarities and differences of time allocation and activity patterns both can be seen between captive wolves and wild wolves.

关 键 词：圈养狼 活动规律 时间分配 

分 类 号：Q958[生物学—动物学]