咸水灌溉条件下土壤水盐分布特征  

Distribution characteristics of water and salt in a spring wheat soil under brackish water irrigation

作　　者：赵志才[1] 冯绍元[2] 霍再林[2] 蒋静[2] 秦俊桃[2] 

机构地区：[1]中水北方勘测设计研究有限责任公司,天津300222 [2]中国农业大学水利与土木工程学院,北京100083

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2010年第4期945-951,共7页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：国家"十一五"科技支撑计划重点项目(2006BAD11B08);水利部公益性行业科研项目(200801104);北京市重点学科"水文学及水资源"建设项目资助

摘　　要：通过设置3种灌水量水平(100%ETc、80%ETc、60%ETc)和3种灌水水质水平(0.7、3和6g·L-1),研究了咸水灌溉条件下春小麦120cm土层内水分动态和盐分累积特征.结果表明:水分在农田土壤中的分布主要受灌水量和土壤质地的影响,充分灌溉使水分存贮在较深土层中,而非充分灌溉则使水分存贮在表层;在相同灌水量的条件下,土体内的盐分积累程度随着灌溉水矿化度的增大而加剧;在相同矿化度条件下,土体内的盐分含量及积盐深度随着灌水量的增加而增大.在作物整个生育期内,连续使用咸水灌溉将导致土壤积盐,且非充分灌溉较充分灌溉更易使土壤表层积盐.A field experiment was conducted to study the distribution characteristics of water and salt in a spring wheat soil under brackish water irrigation.Three irrigation quota（100% ETc,80% ETc,and 60% ETc） and three water salinity levels（0.7,3 and 6 g·L -1） were installed.The results showed that soil water distribution was affected by irrigation quota and soil texture.Sufficient irrigation made the irrigation water stored in deeper soil layers;while insufficient irrigation made the irrigation water more stored in top soil layer.Under the same irrigation quota,the salt accumulation in soil body increased with increasing water salinity;while under the same water salinity,the salt content and salt accumulation depth in soil body increased with increasing irrigation quota.Successive brackish water irrigation in the whole growth period of spring wheat induced soil salinization,and insufficient irrigation made the salt more accumulated in surface soil layer,compared with suffi-cient irrigation.

关 键 词：土壤水分分布 土壤盐分累积 咸水灌溉 春小麦 

分 类 号：S273[农业科学—农业水土工程]