土壤微生物对不同作物根系活动的响应  

Soil Microorganism Amount and Population as Affected by Different Crop Roots

作　　者：李晓慧[1,2] 韩晓增[1] 王树起[1] 王守宇[1] 严君[1,3] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所,黑龙江哈尔滨150081 [2]中国科学院研究生院,北京100049 [3]东北农业大学农学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150030

出　　处：《农业系统科学与综合研究》2010年第2期156-159,共4页System Sciemces and Comprehensive Studies In Agriculture

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划资助项目(2006BAD21B01;2006BAD05B05);中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目(KSCX1-YW-09-09)

摘　　要：以中国科学院海伦农业生态实验站为平台,研究了不同作物(大豆、小麦和玉米)根系对根际微生物种群(细菌、真菌和放线菌)组成和数量的影响。结果表明:3种作物根际微生物数量均表现为细菌的数量显著多于放线菌和真菌的数量,作物之间的微生物总数量多少表现为大豆>小麦>玉米,各作物间差异显著(P<0.05)。根际三大微生物种群的变化情况为真菌、放线菌数量的变化趋势相同,均表现为大豆>玉米>小麦,细菌数量的变化情况为大豆>小麦>玉米。不同施肥处理中,玉米根际微生物总数变化情况为NPK>NK>PK>CK,且施NK和NPK处理极显著增加根际微生物数量(P<0.01),增幅为54.9%和243.2%;NK处理下,大豆根际真菌数量表现为显著性降低(P<0.05),而细菌显著性增加(P<0.05);小麦根际微生物数量在NK处理下极显著增加,增幅为64.9%(P<0.01)。图4,表2,参19。Based on the long-term site experiments in Hailun Agricultural Ecology Station of Chinese Academy of Sciences, the microorganism （ Bacterium, Fungus and Actinomyees） affected by different crop roots （ such as soybean, wheat and maize ） were investigated. The results showed that among the three different kinds of crops, the amount of bacteria was much larger than that of fungus and aetino- mycetes in soils. The order of the soil microorganism amount as affected by different crops roots was as follows： soybean 〉 wheat 〉 maize and the difference was significantly at 0. 05 level. However, the trend of Fungi and actinomyees number was soybean 〉 maize 〉 wheat, while rhizosphere bacteria was soybean 〉 wheat 〉 maize. In different fertilization systems for rhizospheres microorganism of soybean, the order was NPK 〉 NK 〉 PK 〉 CK. The amount of rhizosphere microorganism of soybean increased after NK applied except fungi, and the amount of bacteria and fungi both showed significant difference at 0. 05 level. Compared with the control, fertilization increased the amount of microorganism in wheat rhizospheres, moreover, compared with the control, the amount of bacterium and acti- nomyces indicated significant difference at 0. 01 level.

关 键 词：土壤微生物数量 施肥 根系 

分 类 号：S153.3[农业科学—土壤学]