青藏高原云型的卫星遥感判别方法研究  

Identification of Cloud Types over Tibetan Plateau by Satellite Remote Sensing

作　　者：梁萍[1] 陈葆德[2] 汤绪[3] 

机构地区：[1]上海市气候中心,上海200030 [2]中国气象局上海台风研究所,上海200030 [3]上海市气象局,上海200030

出　　处：《高原气象》2010年第2期268-277,共10页Plateau Meteorology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(40675057;40633018;40875056)资助

摘　　要：采用1983—1996年CDIAC全球云观测报告集ECRA资料和ISCCP卫星遥感资料,分析了青藏高原四季云型出现频率的气候统计特征,并根据各云型的光学厚度—云顶气压分布特征,提出了基于光学厚度—云顶气压联合分布频率的青藏高原云型判别方法。结果表明,高云Cid及低云Sc、Cu、Cb是各季节青藏高原上空出现的代表云型,其它云型的出现概率小得多。高云在冬、春季节的出现概率大于秋、夏季节;中低云则相反。青藏高原上空的云在春、夏季节对应的云顶高度(光学厚度)高于(大于)秋、冬季节。在区分不同季节、不同出现类别的前提下,根据光学厚度—云顶气压联合分布频率为1%的临界值所对应的大值分布范围,确定了青藏高原各云型在光学厚度—云顶气压联合分布上的分布图,从而可为卫星遥感判别青藏高原云型提供依据。Using the surface weather observations from ECRA of CDIAC and cloud retrievals of the International Satellite Cloud Climatology Project（ISCCP）,stage D1,for the period of 1983 —1996,a kind of criteria for identifications of cloud types over Tibetan Plateau（TP） according to their distributions of optical thickness and cloud-top pressure is put forward,based on climatic features analysis of occurrence frequency as well as distribution of optical thickness and cloud-top pressure for cloud types over TP in different seasons.The results show that the high cloud Cid and low cloud Sc,Cu and Cb are typical cloud types over TP during four seasons while occurrence frequencies of other cloud types are much less than those typical ones.Occurrence frequencies of high cloud types in winter and spring are larger than those in summer and autumn;cases are opposite for middle and low cloud types.And cloud top（optical thickness） is usually higher（thicker） in spring and summer than that in autumn and winter.Finally,basing on frequency distributions of optical thickness and cloud-top pressure and critical value（1%）,possible cloud types varying with seasons and occurrence mode（＂all ＂,＂alone ＂ and ＂mix ＂） on distribution of optical thickness and cloud-top pressure are determined,by which cloud types can be identified according to satellite retrieval.

关 键 词：青藏高原 云型 卫星遥感 

分 类 号：P426.5[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]