西伯利亚蓼生态分布调查及特征特性鉴定  

Ecological Distribution and Characteristics of Polygonim sibircum in Guizhou

作　　者：熊先勤 王明进 王海 孟军江 赵明坤 

机构地区：[1]贵州省草业研究所,贵州贵阳550006 [2]贵州省毕节地区饲草饲料工作站,贵州毕节551700 [3]毕节地区牧垦场,贵州大方551600

出　　处：《贵州农业科学》2010年第4期155-158,共4页Guizhou Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：贵州省省长专项资金项目"西伯利亚蓼发生危害规律及综合防除技术研究"[黔省专合字(2007)100];贵州省农业科技攻关"喀斯特山区草畜高效生产配套技术研究"[黔科合NY字(2007)3009];贵州省农业科学院专项"贵州高寒山区草地高效生产配套技术研究与示范"[院ZX(2007)049];毕节地区科技项目"草地杂草西伯利亚蓼(野菠菜)综合防除技术研究"[毕科合字(2007)08]

摘　　要：西伯利亚蓼作为近年来贵州人工草地中广泛分布的物种，已经对草地建设构成一定危害。为了探索其发生与危害规律，应用野外实地调查法、文献法、群落系统分析法，对贵州主要生态区西伯利亚蓼进行研究。结果表明：西伯利亚蓼分布于20世纪70年代中期至90年代初飞播建植人工草地的毕节、大方和独山等地；其植株高6～30cm，有细长的根茎12～15条，根系先端可分生成新的植株，通过根茎和种子繁殖。适宜生长环境pH为5．5～5．6，再生性、侵占性强，分蘖数平均24．3个；4—6月份为生长旺盛期，7—8月份生长缓慢，花果期5—9月，10月后逐渐进入休眠状态；拔节期和初花期茎叶比分别为0．388和3．347，是采取防除措施最好的时期。在调查的大多数受害人工草地中西伯利亚蓼重要值超过50％，有进一步扩展蔓延的趋势，应加快综合防除技术的研究。Polygonim sibircum has been widely distributed in artificial pasture lands in Guizhou province recently, which is harmful to construction of pasture lands. Main ecological areas of Polygonim sibircurn were studied by on-the-spot investigation,consulting literature and community systemic analysis to probe its occurrence and damage regulation. The results showed that Polygonim sibircum was mainly distributed in artificial pasture lands by plane sowing from central period of 70＇s to early period of 90 ＇s in last century in Dafang, Bijie and Dushan counties. The plant height is 6-30 cm and the number of slender rhizome is 12-15. New plants could be generated from its root tips and seeds. The average tillers are 24.3. The full growth period is from April to June. The stem/leaf ratio in jointing and early flowering stage is 0. 388 and 3. 347 respectively, which are the optimum periods to control Polygonirn sibircum. The new comprehensive control technology should be studied to control Polygonirn sibircurn because the important value of most artificial pasture lands damaged by Polygonim sibircurn is over 50%.

关 键 词：西伯利亚蓼 生态分布 特征特性 

分 类 号：S58[农业科学—作物学]