改性羟基磷灰石催化尿素醇解合成碳酸丙烯酯  

Synthesis of Propylene Carbonate from Alcoholysis of Urea Catalyzed by Modified Hydroxyapatites

作　　者：杜治平[1] 刘亮[1] 袁华[1] 熊剑[1] 周彬[1] 吴元欣[1] 

机构地区：[1]武汉工程大学,绿色化工过程省部共建教育部重点实验室,湖北省新型反应器与绿色化学工艺重点实验室,湖北武汉430074

出　　处：《催化学报》2010年第4期371-373,共3页

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(20936003);湖北省自然科学基金重点项目(2008CDA009);武汉工程大学研究生创新基金(2008hyxy012)

摘　　要：采用浸渍法制备了金属改性羟基磷灰石(M/HAP)催化剂,并考察了其催化尿素醇解合成碳酸丙烯酯的反应性能.结果表明,用碱金属、碱土金属和稀土金属改性的HAP催化剂活性比HAP和相应金属氧化物都有不同程度的提高,其中La/HAP活性最高,碳酸丙烯酯收率达91.5%.X射线衍射、扫描电镜、N2吸附-脱附和CO2程序升温脱附等表征结果表明,经La改性后,在La/HAP表面形成了大量新的强碱性活性位,这是该催化剂活性高的主要原因.Metal-modified hydroxyapatite （M/HAP） catalysts were prepared by impregnation. Their catalytic activity was tested for urea alcoholysis to propylene carbonate. Hydroxyapatite catalysts modified by alkali metals, alkaline-earth metals, and rare earth metals exhibited higher activity than the hydroxyapatite or corresponding metal oxides. The La-modified hydroxyapatite catalyst （La/HAP） exhibited the highest activity with a 91.5% yield of propylene carbonate. The physicochemical characterization of HAP and La/HAP was performed by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, N2 adsorption, and CO2 temperature-programmed desorption. The high catalytic activity of La/HAP was attributed to a large number of strong basic sites produced on its surface after HAP was modified by La species.

关 键 词：羟基磷灰石 碱性催化剂 尿素 1 2-丙二醇 碳酸丙稀酯 

分 类 号：TQ225.52[化学工程—有机化工]