不同类型轨枕轨道结构动力性能试验研究  

Test of Dynamic Behavior of the Track Structures with Different Types of Sleepers

作　　者：练松良[1] 杨文忠[1] 刘扬[1] 

机构地区：[1]同济大学道路与交通工程教育部重点实验室,上海200092

出　　处：《铁道学报》2010年第2期131-136,共6页Journal of the China Railway Society

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(50478111;50878158);铁道部科技研究开发计划项目(2003G08);同济大学道路与交通工程教育部重点实验室资助项目

摘　　要：加强轨道结构是列车提速前线路改造的主要内容之一。目前在提速线路上有Ⅲ型枕和Ⅱ型枕轨道结构,不同的轨道结构具有不同的动力特性。本文就Ⅲ型枕和新Ⅱ型枕轨道结构的动力特性进行试验研究。试验时采用落轴和动力激振两种加载方法,测试轨道结构的动力响应有轮轨作用力、轨座反力、钢轨和轨枕振动加速度。测试结果表明,Ⅲ型枕的质量较大,轨道结构的刚度也较新Ⅱ型枕的大得多。落轴试验时,Ⅲ型枕轨道结构的钢轨、轨枕振动加速度都比新Ⅱ型枕的小,且Ⅲ型枕的振动频率也要低得多,但两种类型轨枕轨道结构的轮轨冲击力相接近。现场试验表明,Ⅲ型枕轨道结构更加稳定。根据试验结果,认为为提高提速线路的稳定性和延长维修养护周期,在列车速度大于160 km/h的线路上宜采用Ⅲ型枕、60 kg/m钢轨的轨道结构。Enhancing the railway track structure is one of the main tasks of railway reconstruction before raising the speed of trains.Now,there are Type-Ⅲ and New Type-Ⅱ sleepers on the tracks of speed-raising railways in China.Different track structures demonstrate different dynamic behaviors.The dynamic characteristics of the track structures with the two types of sleepers are tested.Wheelset falling and dynamic exciting are the two loading ways.The dynamic responses are recorded,including the wheel-rail impact force,rail-seat reverse force,rail and sleeper vibration acceleration rate.Test results show that the mass of the Type-Ⅲ sleeper is larger,so its track structure possesses much higher stiffness than the New Type-Ⅱ sleeper track structure.In the wheelset falling test,the Type-Ⅲ sleeper track structure offers smaller vibration acceleration rates of rails and sleepers and much lower vibration frequencies,as compared with the New Type-Ⅱ sleeper track structure,however,the wheel-rail impact forces of the track structures with two types of sleepers are basically the same.Field tests show that the Type-Ⅲ sleeper track structure is more stable.According to the test results,to enhance the track stability and prolong the track maintenance cycle,it is better to adopt Type-Ⅲ sleepers and 60 kg/m rails on the lines where trains run at the speeds over 160 km/h.

关 键 词：提速线路 轨道结构 轨枕类型 动力特性 

分 类 号：U213.3[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]