峡谷区高拱坝射流入射水垫塘冲击压力特性的试验研究  

The Impact Pressure Characteristic Research on Jet-flows of High Arc Dams in Gorge Areas

作　　者：张春满[1,2] 刘沛清[1] 刘宪亮[2] 

机构地区：[1]北京航空航天大学流体力学研究所,北京100083 [2]黄河水利职业技术学院,河南开封475001

出　　处：《灌溉排水学报》2010年第2期109-111,共3页Journal of Irrigation and Drainage

基　　金：国家自然基金项目(10772015);自然科学基金重点项目(50539060)

摘　　要：表深孔下泄水流的横向收缩及垂向和纵向扩散效果显著,射流在空中相互交错、基本不发生碰撞;射流纵向拉伸明显,水垫塘强紊动剪切区增大,有效减轻了水垫塘底板冲击动压。同时,对4种不同流量比的表深孔射流进行研究表明,随着上下游射流流量比的逐渐增大,在不同的下游水位下底孔射流产生的最大冲击压力均相应减小。The experimental result shows that the transverse shrinkage and longitudinal diffusing of the discharging flow is remarkable,and the jet-flows cross in air without any collision;meanwhile,the longitudinal tensile appearance is obviously,and the strong turbulence shear area of the water cushion pond increases,which effectively decreases the impact pressure endured by the bottom of the water cushion pond.Meanwhile,the experiment result of the four different deep-hole jet-flows shows that the maximum impact pressure exerted by bottom jet-flows in the lower part of the river decreases respectively following the flow-rate increases alongside upper and lower part of the river.At the same time,the quicker the flow-rate increases,the less pressure to the bottom of the water cushion pond becomes.

关 键 词：高拱坝 多股多层射流 水垫塘 三维流场 紊流数值模拟 动水垫 

分 类 号：TV135[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]