猪舍环境气载需氧菌含量的季节性变化及其健康风险评估  

The seasonal changes and health risk assessment of airborne aerobic bacteria concentration in closed pig house

作　　者：袁文[1] 柴同杰[1] 苗增民[1] 张红双[1] 秦梅[1] 周玉法[2] 李明勇 刘东燕[2] 

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学动物科技学院,山东泰安271018 [2]泰安市岱岳区畜牧局,山东泰安271000 [3]青岛康大欧洲兔业育种有限公司,山东青岛266400

出　　处：《西北农林科技大学学报（自然科学版）》2010年第5期51-55,共5页Journal of Northwest A&F University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：2009年国家国际合作项目"动物疫源性人畜共患病的监测"(2009DFA32890);国家自然科学基金项目(30571381)

摘　　要：【目的】深入了解封闭式猪舍环境中气载需氧菌含量的季节性变化及其空气动力学粒径分布特征,并评估其潜在的健康风险。【方法】2008-03-2009-02,以5%公绵羊血-琼脂培养基为采样介质,利用Andersen-6级生物空气采样器收集封闭式猪舍环境中的空气样品,然后通过培养计数,分析气载需氧菌含量的动态变化和粒径分布特点,并评估其危害。【结果】封闭式猪舍环境中的气载需氧菌含量在9.07×104～28.23×104CFU/m3,冬季最高,夏季最低。气载需氧菌主要分布在采样器的D级（32.5%）,F级最少（3.6%）。【结论】封闭式猪舍环境中气载需氧菌含量高,而且季节性波动较大,每天约有4.0×105CFU和4.9×106CFU气载需氧菌可分别进入人和猪的小支气管或直接侵入肺泡,从而对人和猪的健康构成潜在威胁。【Objective】 This investigation aimed to further study the seasonal changes and aerodynamic distribution feature of airborne aerobic bacteria in closed pig house,and to evaluate its potential health threats.【Method】 From March 2008 to February 2009,sampling was conducted in closed pig house by Andersen-6 grade air sampler,using 5% blood agar medium;then airborne aerobic bacteria content and size distribution characteristics were analyzed through counting colonies.【Result】 The concentration of airborne aerobic bacteria in closed pig house fluctuated between 9.07×104 and 28.23×104 CFU/m3（Colony Forming Uint/m3）,which reached summit in winter and bottom in summer.Airborne aerobic bacteria mainly centered on the D grade（32.5%）,the least on the F grade（3.6%） on the sampler.【Conclusion】 The concentration of airborne aerobic bacteria in closed pig house was high and dynamic;around 4.0×105 CFU and 4.9×106 CFU of airborne aerobic bacteria could be inhaled into the small bronchia or even directly invaded into bronchic cell each day respectively,which posed potential threats to human and pigs＇ health.

关 键 词：封闭式猪舍 气载需氧菌 季节性变化 粒径分布特征 潜在威胁 

分 类 号：S851.24[农业科学—预防兽医学]