苹果杂交F_1代抗褐斑病遗传趋势及抗性选择研究  

Study on the inheritance tendency of apple resistance to brown spot disease and resistance selection

作　　者：党志国[1] 赵政阳[1] 万怡震[1] 高华[1] 王雷存[1] 祁楠[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学园艺学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《西北农林科技大学学报（自然科学版）》2010年第5期137-142,共6页Journal of Northwest A&F University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家现代农业技术体系专项(nycytx-08-01-03);国家科技支撑计划项目(2006BAD01A1704-8);陕西省"13115"科技创新工程项目(2008ZDGC-01)

摘　　要：【目的】探讨苹果抗褐斑病遗传趋势及杂种抗性选择,为苹果杂交育种的抗病性早期选择提供理论依据。【方法】以苹果品种秦冠、富士及其杂交F1代为材料,连续3年对苹果褐斑病（Marssonina coronarian（Ell.EtDavis）Davis）发生规律进行田间鉴定和调查,研究了苹果褐斑病遗传趋势及杂种抗性表现。【结果】苹果杂交F1代褐斑病病情指数表现广泛分离,呈现偏正态分布规律,苹果褐斑病是主基因控制和微效多基因共同作用的数量性状;正反交组合之间抗性差异显著,平均病情指数31.7,F1代抗病植株占49.1%,其中高抗（DI〈5）单株比率为7.0%,高感（DI〉50）单株比率为14.6%;不同年份间群体平均病情指数相关系数达0.78～0.85,达到显著或极显著相关,大部分植株抗性表现稳定,病害发生周期内8月底是植株个体抗性鉴定的最佳时期。【结论】苹果褐斑病遗传符合数量性状遗传规律,杂种抗性表现型丰富,早期抗性选择和淘汰能有效提高育种效率。【Objective】 The study was conducted to evaluate the inheritance tendency of apple resistance to brown blot disease（Marssonina coronarian（Ell.Et Davis） Davis） and to select the disease resistant F1 hybrids,and to provide theoretical foundation for pre-selection of disease resistance in apple crossbreeding.【Method】 The apple cultivars Qinguan,Fuji and F1 progenies were assessed for brown blot resistance following natural infection in the field during three successive years.【Result】 Apple brown blot disease is quantitative trait which is controlled by main gene and interacted by polygene,resistance difference is conspicuous between obverse cross and inverse cross;The individuals of F1 spread widely,and show partial normal distribution.The average disease index is 31.7 and the resistance of the offspring is not good.The rate of resistable plants is 49.1%,the rate of high-resistance（DI5） plant 7.0%,the rate of high-infection（DI50）plant 14.6%,and the threshold of eliminated deeply-resistance 14.6%;the correlation coefficient of colony average disease index in different years is 0.78-0.85,reaching significant difference.The resistance of a majority of plants is stable,the latter of August during which disease occurs is the best time to identify resistance of plant.【Conclusion】 Apple brown blot disease accords with the rule of quantitative trait heredity,crossbreeding has abundant resistance character,and early disease resistance selection and elimination can advance the efficiency of breeding.

关 键 词：苹果 褐斑病 抗性选择 

分 类 号：S661.103[农业科学—果树学]