专利技术种群增长的生态过程:协同与竞争——以光学光刻技术种群为例  

Ecological Process of the Increase of Patent Technology Populations: Cooperation and Competition——A Case Study on Optical Lithography Patent Technology Population

作　　者：黄鲁成[1] 李江[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京工业大学经济管理学院,北京100124

出　　处：《研究与发展管理》2010年第2期24-31,共8页R&D Management

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点资助项目(70639002);北京科技计划项目(207001000560709);北京"创新人才建设计划项目"

摘　　要：借助组织生态学中的种群演化理论,辅以光学光刻专利技术的实证分析,阐释了专利技术种群的数量增长过程,运用密度依赖模型和传染病模型分析专利技术种群的数量增长规律;运用专利引证分析方法,讨论了单一专利技术种群内部进化和两个子种群间协同进化的动力、方向和机理;引入网络分析中结构洞的概念将研究扩展到多个专利技术种群之间的协同进化关系上.结论表明:采用种群演化模型可以有效地识别专利技术种群所处的合法化和竞争阶段;专利技术种群进化过程中的传染行为构成了专利技术种群内部和多个子种群之间协同进化的动力,技术选择的压力决定了专利技术种群进化的方向.With the theories of population evolution in organizational ecology and case study of optical lithography patent technology population,it firstly presents growth process of patent technology populations,and analyses growth rules of patent technology population with basic density-dependent model and epidemic model.Secondly,based on patent citation analysis,it interprets evolutionary drive,directionality and mechanisms of inner evolution of single patent technology population and co-evolution between two subpopulations.Finally,it extends to research co-evolution relationship among multi-populations by introducing structural hole from social network theory.The conclusions support that phases of legitimation and competition could be indentified with population evolution models effectively;inner evolutionary process of single patent technology population and co-evolutionary process among multi-subpopulations are driven by infection behavior;directionality in process of technology evolution is dominated by the pressure of technology choice.

关 键 词：科技管理 专利技术种群 种群演化 协同进化 结构洞 

分 类 号：F204[经济管理—国民经济] Q145[生物学—生态学]