黄土高原柴松(Pinus tabulaeformis f.shekannesis)群落的植物物种多样性  

Plant species diversity of Pinus tabulaeformis f.shekannesis community on Loess Plateau

作　　者：魏丽萍[1] 王孝安[1] 郭华[1] 

机构地区：[1]陕西师范大学生命科学学院,西安710062

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2010年第5期840-846,共7页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展规划资助项目(2002CB111505)

摘　　要：物种多样性格局与所选择的尺度密切相关,用加性分配法分析柴松(Pinus tabulaeformis f.shekannesis)群落乔木、灌木和草本层在样方、坡位和坡面3种尺度的物种多样性分配关系,结果表明:1)以物种丰富度为指标时,坡面尺度对区域多样性贡献最大,说明在区域范围内坡面是物种组成和维持的关键尺度;而以Shannon和Simpson多样性为指标时,最大多样性分配在样方内,这是由于这2个指数不仅考虑了物种数,还考虑了样方内多度以及常见种和稀有种的影响和作用;2)以Shannon多样性为指标时,样方间、坡位间和坡面间尺度的β多样性对区域多样性贡献的百分比都大于以Simpson多样性为指标时的百分比,这主要是由稀有种在各尺度间的分布格局所决定的;3)样方间、坡位间和坡面间尺度的β多样性大小顺序各不相同,这与群落乔木层、灌木层和草本层的物种组成和分布情况以及不同尺度间环境异质性有密切关系。Species diversity pattern is closely related to selected scales. By using additive partition approach, this paper analyzed the species diversity patterns in tree, shrub, and herb layers of Pinus tabulaeformis f. shekannesis community at three scales （quadrat, slope position, and slope）. When using species richness as the indicator, slope scale contributed most to regional diversity, being the critical scale for species composition and maintenance within a region. When measured with Shannon and Simpson diversity indices, the highest diversity was found at quadrat scale, because these two indices not only considered species number, but also considered the species abundance in a quadrat and the influence and roles of common and rare species. When using Shannon diversity as the indicator, the contribution of β diversity at between-quadrat, between-slope position, and between-slope scales to regional diversity was higher than that of Simpson diversity, which was mainly decided by the distribution pattern of rare species among the scales. The order of β diversity existed differences among between-quadrat, between-slope position, and between-slope scales, which was closely related to the species composition and distribution in the tree, shrub, and herb layers of the community, and the environmental heterogeneity among different scales.

关 键 词：柴松群落 物种多样性 尺度 加性分配 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学]