碳酸盐碱度和pH值对凡纳滨对虾仔虾存活率的影响  

Effects of water carbonate alkalinity and pH on survival rate of post-larval Litopenaeus vannamei

作　　者：么宗利[1] 王慧[1] 周凯[1] 应成琦[1] 来琦芳[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所中国水产科学研究院盐碱地渔业工程技术研究中心,上海200090

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2010年第5期945-950,共6页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所)资助项目(2007Z03)

摘　　要：采用静态急性毒理学方法,探讨了碳酸盐碱度和pH值对凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)仔虾存活率的影响。结果表明:在pH值为7.5、8.0、8.5、9.0、9.5、10.0及10.5的试验组中,凡纳滨对虾仔虾存活率随着pH值的升高而下降,碳酸盐碱度在3mmol·L-1、pH值在9.0以上时,凡纳滨对虾仔虾的存活率受到影响显著;在碳酸盐碱度0～44.43mmol·L-1各试验组中,随着碳酸盐碱度升高,凡纳滨对虾仔虾的存活率下降,凡纳滨对虾仔虾对碳酸盐碱度的耐受性随着pH的升高明显下降;pH值为8.8时,碳酸盐碱度的48hLC50为36.81mmol·L-1,pH值为9.2时,碳酸盐碱度的48hLC50为33.05mmol·L-1,pH值为9.6时,碳酸盐碱度的48hLC50为5.55mmol·L-1;在本试验范围内,凡纳滨对虾对高碳酸盐碱度显示出较强的耐受性,是一种适宜移植到盐碱水域的养殖品种;碳酸盐碱度和pH对凡纳滨对虾的致毒作用是一个综合致毒效应,其中CO32-为主要致毒因子。An acute toxicity test was conducted to determine the effects of water carbonate alkalinity （CA） and pH on the survival rate of post-larval Litopenaeus vannamei. With the increase of water pH （7.5, 8.0, 8.5, 9.0, 9.5, 10.0 and 10.5）, the survival rate of post-larval L. vannamei decreased. When the water pH was higher than 9.0 and the water CA was 3 mmol·L^-1 the survival rate was significantly affected. With the increase of water CA （0-44.43 mmol·L^-1, the survival rate decreased, and the tolerance ability decreased significantly with increasing water pH. When the water pH was 8.8, 9.2, and 9.6, the 48 h LC50 of post-larval L. vannamei exposed to CA was 36.81, 33.05, and 5.55 mmol·L^-1 respectively. Water CA and pH acted jointly on the survival of post-larval L. vannamei, and carbonate ion was the major lethal factor. Our results indicated that L. vannamei was suitable to be cultured in saline waters.

关 键 词：凡纳滨对虾 碳酸盐碱度 PH值 存活率 急性中毒 

分 类 号：S917.4[农业科学—水产科学]