中俄输油管道(漠河-大庆段)主要冻土环境问题探析  

An Investigation into the Permafrost Environment along the Chinese-Russian Oil Pipeline Route from Mohe to Daqing

作　　者：杨思忠[1] 金会军[1] 于少鹏[1] 陈友昌[2] 郝加前[2] 翟正元[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所冻土工程国家重点实验室,甘肃兰州730000 [2]大庆油田工程公司,黑龙江大庆163712

出　　处：《冰川冻土》2010年第2期358-366,共9页Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(40901044);中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所人才基金项目(O984971001);冻土工程国家重点实验室青年博士项目(SKLFSE-ZQ-04);国家自然科学基础人才培养基金(冰川学冻土学特殊学科点)项目(J0630966)资助

摘　　要：中俄输油管道(漠河-大庆段)全长约965km,其中穿越不连续多年冻土区约441km.管道穿越中国东北大兴安岭山地丘陵和松嫩平原的北部.沿线地形复杂,冻土类型及分布情况复杂.该区是中国东北主要的寒温带森林、冻土湿地分布地区,冻土生态环境比较脆弱.管道建设将不可避免的影响到沿线植被、冻土、湿地、水资源和野生动植物等生态要素.分析了管道沿线多年冻土区主要的冻土环境特征,工程地质和环境风险问题,并提出了一些建议.由于冻土区管道在商业运行的初期和后期,发生各类泄漏事故的几率较高.因此,中俄输油管道还需准备应急预案和措施.The Chinese-Russian Oil Pipeline （CROP） from Mohe to Daqing,965 km in length,covering 441 km of discontinuous permafrost in Northeast China,traverses the Da Hinggan Mts. and the north part of Sunhua-Nenjiang Plain. Along the pipeline there is rugged terrain,harsh climate,extensively-distributed but complicated frozen ground. Furthermore,the line passes through the expansive boreal forests,permafrost-affected wetlands in Northeast China,where the permafrost environment is relatively vulnerable. The pipeline construction will inevitably disturb the permafrost,vegetation,wetlands,rivers and the existing condition of wild animals. Therefore,the major features of permafrost environment along CROP are investigated,the major engineering challenges and resultant environmental hazards are identified,and the related mitigation management is also discussed. Since the oil spills have a high risk in the early and late stages of the commercial operation,emergency project and measure should be taken in advance for combating the possible oil spills in the CROP.

关 键 词：环境影响 石油泄漏 输油管道 多年冻土 

分 类 号：P642.14[天文地球—工程地质学]