同安湾表层沉积物重金属污染特征及潜在生态风险评价  

Pollution characteristics and potential ecological risk assessment of heavy metals in the surface sediments of Tong'an Bay,Fujian,China

作　　者：马丽[1,2] 陆志强[3] 陈维芬[1] 林力斌[1] 

机构地区：[1]国家海洋局第三海洋研究所,福建厦门361005 [2]厦门大学海洋与环境学院,福建厦门361005 [3]集美大学水产学院福建省高校水产科学技术与食品安全重点实验室,福建厦门361021

出　　处：《台湾海峡》2010年第2期283-289,共7页Journal of Oceanography In Taiwan Strait

基　　金：国家海洋局第三海洋研究所基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(海三科2009062);福建省908专项资金资助项目(FJ908-02-02-02);集美大学科研基金资助项目(ZQ2007019)

摘　　要：对厦门同安湾表层沉积物7种重金属(Hg、Cd、Pb、As、Cu、Zn和Cr)、有机碳和硫化物含量进行了相关性分析和因子分析,并应用沉积物质量评价标准及潜在生态危害指数法对重金属的潜在生态风险进行了评价.结果表明:Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd、Cr、Hg、As含量范围和均值分别为6.49～46.20,16.95;6.68～46.90,23.93;45.4～162.0,87.4;0.028 9～0.402 0,0.147 6;8.50～33.20,15.95;0.013～0.117,0.047和1.5～6.8,4.8mg/kg.除As之外,各重金属含量之间有显著的相关性(相关系数为0.666～0.970),且与有机碳含量的相关系数较高(相关系数为0.674～0.980).重金属元素及有机碳与硫化物含量的相关系数较低.潜在生态风险评价显示:该海区沉积物中重金属生物毒性效应频繁发生的几率相对较小,生态危害程度也较低,尚属轻微生态危害.7种重金属潜在生物毒性风险大小依次为:Hg>Cd>Pb>As>Cu>Zn>Cr.Concentrations of heavy metals,organic carbon and sulfides in surface sediments of Tong＇an Bay were examined using correlation analysis and factor analysis.The potential ecological risk of heavy metals in Tong＇an Bay was also assessed based on sediment quality assessment guidelines and an index of potential ecological risk.The results indicated that concentration of Cu ranged from 6.49mg/kg to 46.20mg/kg（mean： 16.95mg/kg）;Pb ranged from 6.68mg/kg to 46.90mg/kg（mean： 23.93mg/kg）;Zn ranged from 45.4mg/kg to 162.0mg/kg（mean： 87.4mg/kg）;Cd ranged from 0.028 9mg/kg to 0.402 0mg/kg（mean： 0.147 6mg/kg）;Cr ranged from 8.50mg/kg to 33.20 mg/kg（mean： 15.95mg/kg）;Hg ranged from 0.013mg/kg to 0.117mg/kg（mean： 0.047mg/kg） and As ranged from 1.5mg/kg to 6.8mg/kg（mean： 4.8mg/kg）.High positive linear correlations occurred among concentrations of heavy metals（r=0.666 to 0.970） except for As.High positive correlations also occurred between heavy metals and organic carbon（r=0.674 to 0.980）.Concentrations of these heavy metals posed a low potential ecological risk and had a low probability of being associated with adverse biological effects.The sequence in the degree of their potential ecological risks was：HgCdPbAsCuZnCr.

关 键 词：海洋化学 重金属 污染 潜在生态风险 评价 沉积物 同安湾 

分 类 号：P734[天文地球—海洋化学]