黄淮冬麦区小麦品种抗蚜性鉴定及蚜虫对小麦产量和品质的影响  

Effect of Aphid Damage on Wheat Yield and Quality in Yellow and Huai Valleys Winter Wheat Region

作　　者：王美芳[1] 杨会民[1] 刘进前[1] 雷振生[1] 吴政卿[1] 原国辉[2] 陈巨莲[3] 

机构地区：[1]河南省农业科学院小麦研究中心,河南郑州450002 [2]河南农业大学植物保护学院,河南郑州450002 [3]中国农业科学院植物保护研究所,北京100094

出　　处：《河南农业科学》2010年第4期16-20,共5页Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30771339);转基因生物新品种培育重大专项项目(2009ZX08002-002B)

摘　　要：采用蚜量比值法对目前我国大面积推广种植的高产、优质小麦品种(系)进行了初步的抗蚜性鉴定。结果表明,这些品种(系)的抗蚜能力普遍较低,大部分小麦品种(系)表现为感蚜虫。小麦遭受蚜虫危害后,产量、容重、千粒重、籽粒沉降值、出粉率均明显降低,与危害前相比达极显著水平;小麦籽粒蛋白质含量、硬度、面粉沉降值、面筋含量有所增加,但均不显著;小麦籽粒蛋白质产量也严重降低,与危害前相比达极显著水平。河南育成小麦品种(系)受蚜虫危害后,产量性状和各品质性状的变化最大。在品种选育过程中应重视和加强抗耐蚜虫品种的选育。The aphid-resistance of good-quality wheat varieties （lines） planted over a large area in China was identified preliminarily by the method of aphid number ratio. The results indicated that most of the genotypes identified were aphid-susceptible. Aphid damage could reduce significantly the yield, test weight, 1000-grain weight, grain protein yield, kernel SDS- sedimentation and flour yield of wheat, but increase insignificantly the kernel protein content, flour SDS- sedimentation,gluten content and kernel hardness. The yield and qualities of Henan wheat varieties（lines） were changed the most by aphid damage. It was very important to breed the aphid-resistant and aphid-tolerant varieties with excellent agronomic characters and good industrial quality.

关 键 词：小麦 蚜虫 抗蚜性 危害 品质 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]