野放海南坡鹿的群大小与组成及社群分离  

Group Size,Composition and Degree of Social Segregation in the Introduced Hainan Eld's Deer

作　　者：王丽冰[1,2] 卢学理[1] 颜亨梅[2] 袁喜才[1] 陶福文 赵仁东 

机构地区：[1]广东省昆虫研究所,广州510260 [2]湖南师范大学生命科学学院,长沙410081 [3]海南猴猕岭省级自然保护区,海南东方572600

出　　处：《四川动物》2010年第3期368-371,共4页Sichuan Journal of Zoology

基　　金：广东省昆虫研究所博士启动基金项目;国家林业局"海南坡鹿半散放管理与放归自然"项目;国家自然科学基金项目(30570226)资助

摘　　要：研究了野放海南坡鹿Cervuseldi hainanus的群大小与组成及社群分离。2007～2008年在海南猴猕岭省级自然保护区共记录海南野放坡鹿362群,包括混合群(165群)、雄性群(48群)、雌性群(43群)和母仔群(106群)。群大小的变化范围较大(1～66只),其平均值为6.33±3.00只。混合群的出现频率和群大小均高于同性群。社群分离指数值的年变化范围为0.02～0.21,其平均值为0.09±0.06。因此,野放海南坡鹿的社群分离程度不高,雌雄个体倾向于在一起活动。这一现象在一定程度上可用活动预算假说来进行解释,同时应考虑草地资源、雌鹿产仔和哺乳、雄鹿长茸、取样尺度等多个因素的影响。本文提出了相应的保护建议。A survey was conducted to study group size,composition and the degree of social segregation of the introduced Hainan eld＇s deer. A total of 362 groups,including a mixed group （165）,male group （48）,female group （43）,and cow-calf group （106）,were observed in the Hainan Houmiling Nature Reserve from 2007 to 2008. The group sizes varied greatly and the mean group size was 6.33±3.00. Either frequency or sizes of male-female mixed groups was higher than those of single sex groups. The social segregation indices varied yearly from 0.02 to 0.21 with a mean of 0.09±0.06. The degree of sexual segregation in the deer was relatively low,and the males and females tended to stay together. The results may be partly explained by an activity-budget hypothesis. Other factors,such as the availability of grassland resources,calving and suckling （female）,antler-growing （male） and sampling scale may have had effects on sexual segregation. We also put forward proposals on the conservation of this animal in the article.

关 键 词：海南坡鹿 性别分离 保护 

分 类 号：Q958.1[生物学—动物学] Q959.8