树麻雀代谢率和器官重量在温度驯化中表型的可塑性变化  

Phenotypic Flexibility of Metabolic Rate and Organ Masses in Tree Sparrows Passer montanus in Temperature Acclimation

作　　者：杨志宏[1] 邵淑丽[1] 柳劲松[2] 

机构地区：[1]齐齐哈尔大学生命科学与工程学院,黑龙江齐齐哈尔161006 [2]温州大学生命与环境科学学院,浙江温州325027

出　　处：《四川动物》2010年第3期382-385,共4页Sichuan Journal of Zoology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(No.30670324和No.30870377);浙江省自然科学基金(No.Y506089)部分资助

摘　　要：为探讨温度对树麻雀基础代谢和代谢器官的表型可塑性变化,以人工气候箱驯养4周的光周期为12L∶12D、温度为5℃(实验组)和25℃(对照组)的两组成年树麻雀为研究对象,测定其体重、基础代谢率(BMR)、体脂和水分含量以及各器官、组织的湿重和干重。结果实验组麻雀的BMR显著升高,体脂含量和水分含量以及体重均没有显著变化;肝脏重量和肾脏湿重显著增加,干重增加不显著;总消化管干重、小肠干重、直肠湿重和干重显著降低(P<0.01),胃湿重增加显著(P<0.05)。由此提示:环境温度改变引起麻雀各器官结构和功能能力相应的可塑性的调整变化,器官能耗总量的增加很可能是引起BMR升高的主要原因,是麻雀器官能耗与功能能力、摄食量与消化率乃至个体适合度价与环境因素进行能量预算的结果。To explore the phenotypic plasticity of metabolic organs and metabolism in tree sparrows under different temperatures,adult tree sparrows were divided into 2 groups：an experimental group raised under a temperature of 5℃ and a control group raised under a temperature of 25℃. All animals had been domesticated for 4 weeks in an artificial climate box with a photoperiod of 12L：12D prior to the start of the experiment. We recorded following data：body weight,basal metabolic rate （BMR）,body fat,body water,weights of dry organs and tissues,weights of wet organs and tissues. Results：sparrows in the experimental group were affected by the low temperature domestication,and their BMR increased markedly while there were no significant changes in body fat,body water,and body weight; both the weight of fresh liver and the weight of fresh kidney increased markedly,whereas the weight of dry kidney increased slightly. The weight of the total dry digestive tube,small intestine and rectum decreased remarkably （P0.01）. The weight of fresh stomach increased remarkably （P0.05）. Additionally,the results showed that the increase in total energy consumption of organs was likely to lead to an increase of BMR,and ambient temperature change was able to induce adaptive change of sparrow organs in structure and function. Energy capacity and function of organs,food intake and digestibility,are the result of the energy budget of an individual sparrow＇s fitness and environmental factors.

关 键 词：麻雀 基础代谢率(BMR) 器官重量 温度驯化 

分 类 号：Q959.7[生物学—动物学] Q494