考虑样本差异的一种地下水质模糊评判方法与应用  

A fuzzy method for groundwater quality evaluation introduced with weight of sample difference

作　　者：焦珣[1,2] 苏小四[1,2] 林学钰[1,2] 张岩[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]吉林大学环境与资源学院,长春130026 [2]吉林大学水资源与环境研究所,长春130026

出　　处：《水文地质工程地质》2010年第3期6-11,共6页Hydrogeology & Engineering Geology

基　　金：中国国土资源大调查鄂尔多斯盆地地下水勘察计划项目(1212010331302);教育部博士点基金(20030027020)

摘　　要：应用传统模糊评判方法评价地下水质量时,通常以地下水质量标准为参考进行权重赋值,没有考虑由于水质复杂而引起的评价地区内部各取样点测试指标值之间的差异,评价结果极有可能出现一个样本因某项指标的相对含量较大而被列为水质较差级别的现象,不能为水资源缺乏地区水资源管理提供客观的依据。本文针对传统模糊评判的不足,选用广义权海明距离公式为评价公式,用样本权重来表达样本差异程度,再和标准权重相结合作为总的权重,建立了考虑样本差异的地下水质模糊评判体系。选择pH、溶解性总固体、总硬度、Cl-、SO42-和NO3-作为评价指标,分别运用传统模糊评判和考虑样本差异的模糊评判法对鄂尔多斯白垩系自流水盆地的环河组含水岩组进行地下水质量评价。评价结果表明,考虑样本差异的模糊评判所得的Ⅳ、Ⅴ类水分布面积明显小于传统模糊评判所得的结果,环河组含水岩组地下水水质的Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ级主要分布在盆地的北部,盆地南部的地下水质明显劣于盆地北部。影响水质分布的因素主要有水化学场、水动力场、岩相古地理等。The typical traditional fuzzy method is of some defects,because of the determinate weight only representing the relationship between indicator value and groundwater quality standard,which can not display the difference between indicator values of samples in one region. It is likely to result in a lower grade for the groundwater quality if one indicator of a sample possesses a high amount. In this study,different generalized weighted distances on the full consideration of the advantages of traditional fuzzy evaluation method has been developed,of which the determinate weight is combination of sample difference weight and the standard weight. The weight of sample difference describes the features of region,and standard weight displays the relationship between sample indicators and the groundwater standard. By selecting indicators of pH,TDS,total hardness,Cl -,SO24 -and NO 3-,the groundwater quality of Huan He aquifer group in Ordos cretaceous artesian basin was evaluated by traditional fuzzy method and the one introduced with the weight of sample difference respectively. Results showed that the area of Ⅳ and Ⅴ class-type groundwater is smaller with the method considering sample difference. Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ class-type groundwater in Huan He aquifer are mainly in north basin. While groundwater quality in north basin is obviously better than that in south basin. The main parameters,which influence the groundwater quality in Huan He aquifer,are hydrochemical regime,groundwater flow regime,lithofacies palaeogeography and etc.

关 键 词：地下水质量评价 模糊评判 样本权重 鄂尔多斯盆地 

分 类 号：P641.2[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]