陕西大豆资源遗传多样性及变异特点研究  

Genetic Diversity and Variation Trait of Shaanxi Soybean Landraces

作　　者：刘萌娟[1] 李鸣雷[2] 赵惠贤[3] 胡胜武[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学农学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]中国科学院水土保持研究所,陕西杨凌712100 [3]西北农林科技大学生命科学学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《植物遗传资源学报》2010年第3期326-334,共9页Journal of Plant Genetic Resources

基　　金：国家中期库大豆种质资源繁殖更新与利用(NB05-070401-22-06);国家中期库大豆种质资源保护(NB04-22-6);西北农林科技大学唐仲英育种基金

摘　　要：利用42个PAPD引物对75份陕西大豆种质进行遗传多样性分析,共扩增出310个条带,平均每个引物扩增7.3个条带,多态性比率为96%;田间试验考察了13个农艺性状。陕西大豆的遗传多样性在秦岭南、北两个地区有所不同,秦岭北品种遗传多样性指数较高的性状数目和性状遗传多样性指数都大于秦岭南品种,RAPD分子标记遗传多样性指数也是秦岭北品种大于秦岭南品种,但秦岭南品种RAPD分子标记的遗传多样性指数较高的个数大于秦岭北品种。聚类分析将参试大豆材料分为三大类,基本上反映了材料的地理来源。主成分分析结果显示,前两个主成分反映了10.95%的遗传变异,基于前两个主成分值的二维散点图可以将两个地区的材料基本区分开来。AMOVA分析显示,陕西大豆品种个体间的遗传变异占总变异的92.06%,地区间的遗传变异占总变异的7.94%,二者都达到了极显著水平。研究结果表明,陕西大豆资源存在丰富的遗传多样性,秦岭北品种遗传多样性较高,但秦岭南品种有着广泛的微小变异。75 Shaanxi soybean landraces were selected and a randomized blocked design was executed,then get date of 13 agronomic traits.Extracted DNA from five seeds of each landrace,amplified DNA with 42 RAPD primers,and analyzed genetic diversity index of agronomic traits and RAPD bands.42 RAPD primers were selected from 648 primers,and then 310 fragments were produced,an average of 7.3 fragments for each primer,the polymorphic percentage was 96%.The genetic diversity of Shaanxi soybean differs in different regions.Either the number of the highest diversity trait or the mean diversity value was higher in region North Qinling.The mean value of genetic diversity of RAPD bands were higher in region North Qinling while lower in region South Qinling,but the number of higher genetic diversity index of RAPD bands in region South Qinling was higher than that in north.Three groups were got from cluster analysis,landraces from same regions were tend to one cluster,clusters generally reflected the geographical origin of landraces.The first two principal components account for 10.95% of the total variation,but it separated landraces of the two regions.Landraces of different regions showed significant difference by AMOVA analysis,variation between and within populations account for 7.94% and 92.06% of the total variation respectively,which were significant（P〈0.0001）.The genetic diversity of soybean germplasm was higher in region North Qinling,although there were many tiny variations existed in population of region South Qinling.Populations of landraces divided by Mount Qinling showed significant difference.

关 键 词：陕西大豆 遗传多样性 农艺性状 RAPD 变异特点 

分 类 号：S565.1[农业科学—作物学]