陕西黄龙山自然保护区冬季褐马鸡取食生境的选择  

Winter foraging-sites selection of brown-eared pheasant in Huanglong Mountains Nature Reserve

作　　者：李宏群[1,2] 廉振民[1] 陈存根[3] 

机构地区：[1]延安大学生命科学学院,陕西延安716000 [2]长江师范学院生命科学与技术学院,重庆涪陵408003 [3]西北农林科技大学资源与环境学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《西北师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2010年第3期94-98,共5页Journal of Northwest Normal University(Natural Science)

基　　金：陕西省林业厅自然科学重点资助项目(08012);教育部科学技术研究重点项目(206148);国际泥沙研究培训中心资助项目(2005-01-05)

摘　　要：为了解褐马鸡(Crossoptilon mantchuricum)冬季栖息地的特征,2006年11～12月和2007年1月,在陕西黄龙山采用样线法对褐马鸡冬季取食生境选择性做了研究.在选定的8条样线上一共测定了42个利用样方以及96个对照样方的19种生态因子.结果表明,褐马鸡冬季多偏向针叶林、阳坡和半阴半阳坡以及中下坡位.对利用样方和对照样方进行比较,发现褐马鸡冬季的利用样方以海拔低、接近水源和林边、人为干扰距离较近、乔木盖度和密度较小、乔木高度较低、灌木盖度和高度较大和隐蔽级较小为主要特征.主成分分析表明,前7个主成分的累积贡献率已经达到了78.847%,可以较好地反映褐马鸡的生境特征.第1和2主成分具有较大的信息荷载量,说明海拔、坡位、乔木密度、水源距离、人为干扰距离、乔木盖度、乔木高度、乔木胸径、灌丛盖度和灌丛高度等生态因子在生境选择中有重要作用.In order to know the winter foraging-sites selections of brown-eared pheasant（Crossoptilon mantchuricum）.Nineteen ecological factors of 42 usage samples and 96 random ones are measured for quantitative analysis during 8 transects surveys crossing the whole study areal in Huanglong Mountains Nature Reserve,Shanxi Province,from November to December 2006 and January 2007.Brown-eared pheasant preferre coniferous forest,sunny and half sunny slope,mid and lower slope location in winter.Comparing usage samples with random plots,the foraging habitats are characterized by lower altitude,nearer distance to water source,edge of woods and human disturbance,less cover,density and lower average height of trees,bigger cover and average height of shrub and less sheltering class.Results of principal component analysis shows that the 7 principal components explained 78.847% of the total variance.The load of the first and second component is 22.367% and 17.40% respectively.The findings indicate that altitude,slope location,distance to water source and human disturbance,cover,density,average diameter and average height of trees,bigger cover and average height of shrub are the key factors in winter foraging habitat selections.

关 键 词：褐马鸡 取食生境 主成分分析 黄龙山 

分 类 号：Q958.1[生物学—动物学]