油气井井下节流技术研究与应用  

Development and Application of Downhole Choke Technique for Oil and Gas Well

作　　者：陈磊[1] 郭昭学[1] 万颖[2] 蒋维[3] 刘云[1] 唐一元[3] 张林[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南石油大学研究生院,成都610500 [2]大港油田公司井下技术服务公司测试分公司,天津300283 [3]川庆钻探工程有限公司川东钻探公司,重庆400021

出　　处：《石油矿场机械》2010年第2期22-25,共4页Oil Field Equipment

摘　　要：高压油气井均需安装油气嘴或针形阀等节流装置,用来控制油气井产量和井口压力。当气体通过这些流通截面突然缩小的孔道时,由于局部阻力较大,将产生压力降低、比容增大、温度降低的现象。当温度降低到天然气的露点温度时,气体就会结冰,形成水合物而堵塞井口,从而导致油气井停产。针对提高节流前天然气的温度和天然气中加入抑制剂这2种解决办法的局限性,开展了井下节流技术防止水合物生成的研制,并在现场进行试验及推广应用。A nozzle or needle valve is required to install in high-pressure oil and gas wells to control the oil and gas well production and wellhead pressure.When the gas flows through these sudden narrowed cross-section of the tunnel,because of big local resistance,pressure drop,lower specific volume and low temperature happen.When the temperature is lowered to the dew-point temperature of natural gas,the gas will freeze,blocking the well-head by the formation of hydrates and stopping production of oil and gas wells.Aiming at increasing temperature natural gas before choking and adding inhibitor into natural gas,the study of choking technique was established to prevent the formation of hydrate and tested this technique for actual use.

关 键 词：高压 气井 井下节流 井口压力 油气嘴 

分 类 号：TE931.202[石油与天然气工程—石油机械设备]