等离子枪体喷嘴结构和尺寸对电弧能量的影响  

Influence of structure and dimension of plasma gun nozzle on arc energy

作　　者：李德元[1] 韩海玲[1,2] 董晓强[1] 

机构地区：[1]沈阳工业大学材料科学与工程学院,沈阳110870 [2]辽宁省交通高等专科学校机电系,沈阳110122

出　　处：《沈阳工业大学学报》2010年第2期126-130,151,共6页Journal of Shenyang University of Technology

基　　金：辽宁省教育厅重点实验室基金项目(20082482)

摘　　要：为了研究等离子枪体喷嘴结构和尺寸对电弧能量特征的影响,建立了等离子电弧的数学模型,并采用计算流体动力学(CFD)软件求解了等离子流体质量、动量及能量守恒方程和麦克斯韦方程组.通过对等离子枪体的电弧模型进行求解,得到了等离子电弧沿轴向的温度和速度分布.在此基础上研究了喷嘴通道长度、喷嘴直径和喷嘴压缩角对等离子枪体电弧的影响.结果表明:喷嘴通道长度的增加对等离子电弧的压缩效果影响较小;喷嘴孔径的减小对电弧的压缩效果则很明显.当通道比为1～1.2时,电弧温度和流动速度比较稳定,对阳极表面压力较小,对焊接成形有利.In order to study the influence of structure and size of plasma gun nozzle on arc energy,a mathematical model of plasma arc was established.By using computational fluid dynamics（CFD） software,the mass and momentum of plasma fluid was calculated,and the energy conservation equations and Maxwell equations was solved.The axial temperature and velocity distribution of plasma arc were obtained by solving the arc model.The effects of the nozzle channel length,aperture and compressed angle on plasma arc were studied.The results show that the plasma arc compression effect resulting from increasing the channel length is relatively small,while the plasma arc compression effect resulting from decreasing the nozzle aperture is obvious. When the channel ratio is 1 to 1.2,the arc temperature and flow rate are relatively stable and the pressure on the anode surface is lower,which is more favorable to the welding forming.

关 键 词：等离子枪体 电弧 计算流体力学 通道长度 孔径 等离子体温度 等离子体速度 压缩角 

分 类 号：O539[理学—等离子体物理]