一株鹅H5N1亚型流感病毒基因特性的分析  

Genetic characterization of an avian influenza A(H5N1) virus isolated from a sick goose in China,

作　　者：郭元吉[1,2,3] 徐西雁[1,2,3] 万秀峰[1,2,3] 王敏[1,2,3] 郭俊峰[1,2,3] 

机构地区：[1]中国预防医学科学院病毒学研究所 [2]美国疾病控制中心 [3]华南农业大学

出　　处：《中华实验和临床病毒学杂志》1998年第4期322-325,共4页Chinese Journal of Experimental and Clinical Virology

基　　金：病毒基因工程国家重点实验室基金

摘　　要：目的弄清Ａ／鹅／广东／２／９６（Ｈ５Ｎ１）毒株对鹅致病的分子生物学基础，研究香港特区人群中发生的禽（Ｈ５Ｎ１）流感的病原。方法病毒ＲＮＡ经逆转录合成ｃＤＮＡ，经聚合酶链反应（ＰＣＲ）扩增，产物纯化，采用双脱氧链末端终止法测定核苷酸序列。结果Ａ／鹅／广东／２／９６（Ｈ５Ｎ１）与Ａ／ＨＫ／１５６／９７（Ｈ５Ｎ１）毒株ＲＮＡ４核苷酸序列有２２个位点不同（同源性为９８８％），无任何掉失或插入。它与人和鸡的Ｈ５Ｎ１毒株ＨＡ蛋白分子上氨基酸序列差异７和９个位点，其同源性分别为９８７％和９８４％，而人与鸡间的同源性高达９９６％。它们的ＨＡ１与ＨＡ２间连接肽相同（Ｒ－Ｅ－Ｒ－Ｒ－Ｒ－Ｋ－Ｋ－Ｒ），显示对禽具有高致病性。在糖基化位点上，鸡的比人和鹅的多一个。病毒粒ＮＡ蛋白分子上氨基酸序列，鹅的比人和鸡的多１９个氨基酸（从５４～７２位点），而与鹦鹉的同源性达９５５％。然而，人和鸡的仅差异一个，同源性高达９９８％。结论Ａ／ＨＫ／１５６／９７（Ｈ５Ｎ１）毒株由Ａ／鹅／广东／２／９６（Ｈ５Ｎ１）病毒而来，可能性不大。Ａ／鹅／广东／２／９６（Ｈ５Ｎ１）毒株对禽具有高致病性，它对鹅致病性的分子基础为其ＨＡ蛋白分子上第１３８位?Genetic analysis of viral HA gene showed that there were 22 nucleotide differences in HA gene between goose and human H5N1 viruses. The sequence analysis of amino acid on viral protein molecules indicated that there were 7 and 9 position differences between goose and human, chicken H5N1 viruses, respectively. All the three viruses share multiple basic amino acids (R-E-R-R-R-K-K-R) at the cleavage site between HA1 and HA2 domain, that is associated with highly pathogenic H5 avian viruses. Except one more glycosylation site located at 156 position in the chicken strain, there were 7 glycosylation sites at same positions in three virus HA protein molecules.The analysis of NA protein molecule indicated that the stalk region which extends from the viral membrane up to amino acid 85, human and chicken viruses had a 19 amino-acid deletion as compared with that of goose virus, while the goose NA gene was closely related to A/Parrot/Ulster/73 (H7N1) virus. Therefore, goose H5N1 virus HA and NA genes were avian in origin and were different from those of human and chicken H5N1 viruses.In our knowledge, this is the first time that the avian H5N1 virus was found causing influenza outbreak in goose. Why was A/Goose/Guangdong/2/96(H5N1) virus virulent for geese? It might be related to the substitution of amino acid located at 138 position near by RBS on HA protein molecule and 19 amino acids insertion on NA protein molecule as compared with those of human and chicken H5N1 viruses.

关 键 词：鹅 流感病毒 基因 血凝素 神经氨酸酶 

分 类 号：R373.13[医药卫生—病原生物学]