四川省凉山彝族自治州农村地区艾滋病健康教育现状调查及策略建议  

Investigation and suggestions to AIDS health education in rural areas of Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture

作　　者：刘童童[1] 李英华[1] 李雨波[1] 靳雪征[1] 王新伦[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国健康教育中心(卫生部新闻宣传中心),北京100011

出　　处：《中国健康教育》2010年第5期334-337,共4页Chinese Journal of Health Education

基　　金：中国默沙东艾滋病合作项目

摘　　要：目的了解四川省凉山彝族自治州农村地区艾滋病健康教育现状,以及农村群众对艾滋病防治的需求和喜好,为该地区艾滋病健康教育和传播材料开发提供策略建议。方法对西昌市、昭觉县4个乡镇6个行政村的彝族村民进行问卷调查,对村民、村干部、村医、艾滋病防治专业工作者进行小组访谈。结果回收有效问卷133份,男性63.2%,女性36.8%。文化程度以文盲（48.4%）和小学（41.3%）为主;79.7%的调查对象接触过艾滋病宣传活动,每年约2~3次。宣传形式主要为传播材料入户发放（81.1%）、艾滋病宣传展览（47.2%）。76.7%的调查对象接触过艾滋病传播材料,材料类型主要为传单（64.4%）、海报/挂图（63.4%）。村民喜欢通过村干部（69.2%）、村医（54.6%）、家人和朋友（50.0%）和电视（40.0%）了解艾滋病相关知识。结论凉山彝族自治州农村地区艾滋病健康教育应采取人际传播为主,大众传播为辅的策略。应加强村干部、村医的组织培训,加强影视和图画类传播材料的开发和使用。Objective To investigate the status of AIDS health education in Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture,to find out the requirement and preference of local villagers to AIDS prevention information,to provide evidence and suggestion for health education and materials development.Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted among local villagers in Xichang City and Zhaojue County.The villagers,village chiefs,village doctors and professional staffs for AIDS prevention were interviewed.Results Of 133 respondent,63.2% were males and 36.8% were females.Their education level were mainly illiterate（48.4%） and primary school（41.3%）.79.7%% of them had received AIDS prevention health educations for 2-3 times per year,most of which were health education materials dissemination（81.1%） and exhibitions（47.2%）.76.7% of them had received AIDS prevention materials,which were mainly leaflets（64.4%） and posters（63.4%）.The villagers preferred to get AIDS knowledge from village chiefs（69.2%）,village doctors（54.6%） and their family or friends（50.0%）.Conclusion AIDS health education in Liangshan should be conducted mainly through personal communication and assisted by mass media measures.AIDS training to village chiefs and village doctors should be strengthened and pictorial and video materials should be developed.

关 键 词：农村地区 艾滋病 健康教育 

分 类 号：R193[医药卫生—卫生事业管理] R512.91[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]