上海市599名15岁以下儿童乙型肝炎感染危险因素的研究  

Study on the risk factors of HBV infection in children under the age of 15 in Shanghai

作　　者：黎健[1] 李燕婷[1] 吴寰宇[1] 任宏[1] 袁政安[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海市疾病预防控制中心急性传染病防治科,200336

出　　处：《中华流行病学杂志》2010年第5期530-533,共4页Chinese Journal of Epidemiology

基　　金：上海市公共卫生重点学科建设计划（08GWZX0101）

摘　　要：目的研究影响上海市15岁以下儿童感染乙型肝炎（乙肝）病毒（HBV）的危险因素，为提高儿童乙肝免疫预防效果提供依据。方法以2006年全国乙肝血清流行病学调查上海现场的599名1—15岁儿童为研究对象，按是否感染HBV分为研究组和对照组，进行单因素分析并拟合多因素logistic回归模型，探讨影响儿童感染HBV的危险因素。结果全部调查对象中感染HBV的儿童共有15例，感染率为2．50％。经综合考虑单因素分析和多因素分析，母亲怀孕时HBsAg状况、乙肝疫苗接种史、出生地点是影响儿童感染HBV的危险因素（P〈0．05），0月值分别为母亲HBsAg阳性者5．338，未接种乙肝疫苗者42．118，在家出生者12．239。结论进一步降低上海市儿童HBV感染率，免疫预防的干预重点应为外来流动孕产妇和HBsAg阳性孕产妇，并应改进乡镇级医院新生儿乙肝免疫预防条件。Objective To identify the risk factors of HBV infection in children under the age of 15 in Shanghai and to further enhance the effectiveness of hepatitis B vaccines among children. Methods Using the data from Shanghai under the national hepatitis B serum epidemiological survey in 2006, 599 children aged 1-15 years old were selected as subjects, the subjects were divided into study group and control group by their status on HBV infection. Univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to identify the risk factors of HBV infection among children. Results Out of 599 children, 15 of them were infected by HBV with the infection rate as 2.50%. Data from both univariate and multivariate analysis showed that the HBsAg status of their mothers during pregnancy, the history of hepatitis B vaccination and place of birth appeared to be risk factors of hepatitis B infection（P〈0.05 ）, with the OR value of 5.338 for HBsAg-positive mother, 42.118 for no history of hepatitis B vaccination and 12.239 for home-delivery, respectively. Conclusion In order to further decrease the rate of HBV infection among children in Shanghai, intervention should be focusing on both migrant and HBsAg-postive pregnant women. Also, the condition of hepatitis B vaccine immunization for newborns in some township hospitals should be improved.

关 键 词：乙型肝炎 疫苗 危险因素 儿童 

分 类 号：R725.1[医药卫生—儿科]