培肥对烟田土壤化学性质及烟草品质的影响  

Effect of Fertilizing Steps on Soil Chemical Properties and Quality of Tobacco

作　　者：邢少峰[1,2] 刘海轮[2,3] 和文祥[2] 许静[1,2] 高亚军[2] 姜建峰 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学生命学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]西北农林科技大学资源环境学院,陕西杨凌712100 [3]陕西省烟草公司,陕西西安710061 [4]陕西省洛南县烟草公司,陕西洛南726100

出　　处：《西北农业学报》2010年第1期126-130,共5页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica

基　　金：陕西省烟草专卖局重大研究专项"陕西基本烟田综合治理"(编号:ZDKJ-02-2008);农业部公益性行业(农业)科研专项(编号:200803029-13);西北农林科技大学"青年学术骨干人才支持"计划项目

摘　　要：通过田间试验,研究了不同培肥方式(化肥、有机肥、烟草专用肥、有机肥+化肥)对土壤化学性质、烤烟生长状况及品质等的影响。结果表明,有机肥与化肥配施显著提高了土壤有机质、碱解氮、速效磷、速效钾的含量,其效果明显优于单施化肥和有机肥;增加了烟株农艺性状中的有效留叶数、最大叶长、最大叶宽、茎围、单叶质量及烟草产量,提升了烟叶品质(全氮、烟碱、全磷,全钾、总糖、还原糖、氯离子),其中大多数指标间均达显著差异,揭示出有机肥+化肥是本地区烟田土壤较优的培肥模式之一,其次为单施有机肥和化肥;相关分析显示土壤有机质、碱解氮、速效磷与烟株农艺性状(有效留叶数、最大叶宽、茎围和产量)和烟叶化学品质中的大部分指标均达显著或极显著正相关,表明培肥对土壤和烟草生产、品质的影响是同步的、一致的。By field experiments,the soil chemical properties,tobacco growth and quality affected by different fertilizer treatments （such as chemical fertilizer,tobacco-specific fertilizer,organic manure,organic manure ＋ chemical fertilizer）.The results showed as follows,by applying organic manure ＋ chemical fertilizer,soil organic matter,alkaline nitrogen,available phosphorus,available potassium contents were improved,and the difference reached the significantly levels than chemical fertilizer or organic manures,increased tobacco agronomical characteristics （effective leaf number,maximum leaf length,maximum leaf width,stem girth and tobacco yield）,improved the quality of the flue-cured tobacco （for example total nitrogen,nicotine,total phosphorus,total potassium,total sugar,reducing sugar,chloride ）,in which most of items reached significant differences among differnent treatments,revealed organic manure ＋ chemical fertilizer treatment was better fertility patterns in this region,followed by organic manure and chemical fertlizer.By correlation analysis,the relationship reached the significant and remarkably signiifcant positive correlation among most of soil properties,tobacco agronomical characteristics and chemical qualities,indicated soil and tobacco growing were the synchronized and consist change after applied fertilizers.

关 键 词：烤烟 有机肥 培肥 品质 

分 类 号：S572[农业科学—烟草工业]