特定饲养条件下河南奶山羊的昼夜行为及节律  

Diurnal Behavior and Activity Rhythm of He′nan Dairy Goat under Definite Management

作　　者：王玉琴[1] 王占彬[1] 吴秋珏[1] 张学鑫[1] 庞有志[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南科技大学动物科技学院,洛阳471003

出　　处：《西北农业学报》2010年第2期11-14,19,共5页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica

基　　金：河南科技大学人才科学研究基金资助(09001095);河南省科技攻关项目(072102130004);河南省自然科学基础研究计划项目(2008A230001)

摘　　要：用瞬时扫描取样法、焦点动物取样法和全事件取样法,对河南奶山羊(青年羊、怀孕羊和哺乳羊)的行为及活动规律进行观察。结果表明:(1)奶山羊在特定饲养管理条件下昼夜的行为时间为运动占22.35%;卧息占29.13%;采食占21.44%;反刍占25.59%;其他行为时间占1.49%(包括饮水、排便、修饰、嗅闻、站立和发声等)。(2)不同生理期河南奶山羊取食行为时间分配差异极显著(P<0.01);卧息时间分配差异显著(0.01<P<0.05);而运动、反刍及其他行为则差异不显著(P>0.05)。(3)奶山羊白昼运动多发生在8:00-11:00和16:00-19:00,放牧时间约6 h;采食有两个高峰期(8:30-10:30和16:00-18:00);反刍有两个明显的高峰期(13:00-15:30和23:30-2:00);卧息则多发生在夜间,伴随着反刍。其他行为随机发生,排便多在采食过程中发生。河南奶山羊行为和节律的发生与放牧条件和饲养管理方式关系密切。This experiment was designed to study the behavior and activity rhythms of Henan dairy goats.Instance scan sampling,focus animal sampling and all-occurrence recording methods were used to observe the goats behavior.The goats were divided into three groups,which were young group,pregnant group and lactating group.The results showed：（1） The goats devoted 22.35%of their time to moving and 29.13%to resting and 21.44% to feeding,and 25.59% to ruminating and 1.49% to doing somethings such as drinking water,defecation,modified,sniffing,standing and pronunciation,etc.（2） There are significant difference（P〈0.01） of feeding time among three different physiological condition of dairy goats;crouch behavior have also a significant difference（0.01〈P〈0.05）;the difference of movement,rumination and other behavior among three groups were not significant（P〉0.05）.（3）The peaks of activity were at 8：00-11：00 and 16：00-19：00.It took about six hours for grazing and there were two feeding peaks（8：30-10：30 and 16：00-18：00）,two grazing peaks were at 13：00-15：30 and 23：30-2：00.Resting often occurred at night,and was accompanied by a ruminant.Other behaviors occurred time and time in day,but the defecation was found during the grazing.It was concluded that the behavior and activity rhythms of Henan dairy goats have to do with grazing condition and the way of feeding and management.

关 键 词：河南奶山羊 个体行为 放牧 舍饲 

分 类 号：S827[农业科学—畜牧学]