氮磷钾施用量对灌淤土水稻产量及肥料利用率的影响  

Effect of Different N,P_2O_5,K_2O Rates on Yield and Fertilizer Using Efficiency of Paddy Rice in Irrigation-warping Soil of Ningxia

作　　者：赵营[1] 同延安[2] 张树兰[2] 梁锦秀[1] 周涛[1] 

机构地区：[1]宁夏农林科学院农业资源与环境研究所,银川750002 [2]西北农林科技大学资源环境学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《西北农业学报》2010年第2期118-121,共4页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica

基　　金：国家"十一五"科技支撑计划项目(2006BAD05B07;2008BADA4B09)资助

摘　　要：在宁夏灌淤土上,利用田间试验研究了氮、磷、钾各3个施肥水平对水稻(宁粳28号)产量、养分累积量及籽粒产量构成因素的影响。结果表明,施用氮、钾肥对水稻产量和养分累积有显著影响;水稻当季氮、磷、钾肥利用率都随着施肥量的增加而降低;穗数和每穗粒数随施氮量的增加而增加,而施磷肥有利于穗粒数的形成,过量施用氮肥还会显著降低水稻千粒质量。本试验水稻氮、磷、钾肥最佳经济施肥量分别为N 254.3、P2O5150.8和K2O 145.6 kg/hm2,获得最高产量的最大施肥量组合分别为N 309.3、P2O5253.9和K2O177.6 kg/hm2。A field experiment with paddy rice of Ningjing 28 was carried out to study the effects of different N,P2O5,K2O rates on yield,total nutrient uptake,fertilizer using efficiency and characteristics factor of grain yield in irrigation-warping soil of Ningxia.The results showed that N and K2O fertilizer application could insignificantly influence on the yield and total nutrient uptake of paddy rice.Nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium fertilizer using efficiency of paddy rice was decreased with fertilizer applied rates.Both ears and grain number per ear was increased with N applied rates,phosphorus fertilizer application could be benefit to increasing grain number per ear,overuse nitrogen fertilizer may decrease grain weight per 1000 seed.The optimal and economical N,P2O5,K2O rate for paddy rice in irrigation-warping soil was N 254.3 kg/hm^2,P2O5 150.8 kg/hm^2,K2O 145.6 kg/hm^2,and maximal N,P2O5,K2O rate for maximal grain yield was N 309.3 kg/hm^2,P2O5 253.9 kg/hm^2,K2O 177.6 kg/hm^2,respectively.

关 键 词：灌淤土 水稻 产量 地上部养分累积量 肥料利用率 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]