中央苏区平分土地政策与农民权益保障的再认识  

A Re-understanding of the Policy of Equal Distribution of Land in the Central Soviet Base Areas and the Safeguarding of Peasants’Rights and Interests

作　　者：温锐[1] 杨丽琼[1] 

机构地区：[1]江西财经大学生态文明与现代中国研究中心

出　　处：《中共党史研究》2010年第5期64-70,共7页CPC History Studies

基　　金：教育部人文社科课题《农村土地产权制度的选择比较与制度创新》(05JA790034)的阶段性成果之一

摘　　要：学术界在充分肯定中央苏区土地革命中的"平分土地"与"地权农有"政策的同时,长期将平分土地误认为是农民的主体意志,从而遮蔽了农村土地产权制度改革的创新视野。事实上,由于平分土地的冲击和传统理论的误区,《兴国土地法》对"没收一切土地"的改正并没落实。"地权农有"在实践中被平分土地否定,在理论上也有缺失,加上主要立足策略考虑,自然也难以长久。这种反复平分的政策,是与农民传统意识相违的,并非农民主体意志的选择。我们要站在新的历史高度,对此重新审视,进而摆脱"公"与"私"的传统束缚,走出近百年来反复平分农村土地及其财产的历史惯性。The academic circles fully affirm the pohcy of ＂equal distribution of land＂ and ＂the ownership of land belonging to the peasants＂ in the central Soviet base areas and have mistaken for a long time the equal distribution of land as the peasants＇ own will, thus obstructing the field of vision for innovation in the rural land property rights system. In fact, under the impact of ＂equal distribution of land＂ and due to the error of traditional theory, the amendments put forward in the Land Law of Xingguo to ＂confiscating all land＂ were not earnestly carried out. The policy of ＂the ownership of land belonging to the peasants＂ was negated in practice by the equal distribution of land; moreover, it had shortcomings in theory and could not last long. The proposition of equal distribution of land runs counter to peasants＇ traditional consciousness and is not their own choice. We should closely reexamine this issue in the light of re-understanding socialism, shake off the yoke of traditional ideas about ＂public＂ and ＂private＂ and get rid of the historical inertia of repeated equal distribution of peasants＇ land and properties over the last nearly one hundred years.

关 键 词：中央苏区 平分土地 土地农有 农民权益 

分 类 号：D239[政治法律—政治学]