长期使用口服避孕药妇女的健康状况分析  

Study on the impact of long term use of oral contraceptives on women's health in Hangzhou

作　　者：孙丹利[1] 陆志玲 胡承裕 屠加加 

机构地区：[1]浙江省医学科学院计划生育研究所,杭州310013 [2]浙江省杭州市计划生育宣传技术指导站 [3]浙江省杭州市人口计生委科技处

出　　处：《中国计划生育学杂志》2010年第5期290-293,共4页Chinese Journal of Family Planning

摘　　要：目的:通过对使用口服避孕药(OC)妇女进行健康体检,了解长期使用者的健康状况。方法:以宫内节育器(IUD)组为对照,采用一般体检、妇科检查和血液生化检测等定量研究方法采集数据分析。结果:OC组的收缩压和舒张压较IUD组为高(P=0.016,P<0.01)。收缩压和舒张压高于正常值的发生率在OC组分别为11.15%和14.23%,IUD组分别为5.97%和8.49%,两组之间存在差异(P=0.022,P=0.048)。OC组血压出现异常高值对象的舒张压均值在41～45岁组和≥46岁组与IUD组比较有统计学差异(分别t=2.300,P=0.029和t=2.152,P=0.032)。生化检验中总胆固醇(TC)平均值明显高于IUD组(P=0.001),高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL)/TC和HDL/甘油三酯(TG)比值OC组明显较IUD组为低(P=0.003,P=0.020),表明不利因素大于有利因素。妇科检查和B超检查子宫异常发生率显示两组之间有统计学差异存在(P=0.029,P=0.030)。异常表现以子宫肌瘤为主。结论:长期使用OC的妇女一般健康状况良好,但与IUD组相比有些血压和血脂方面的变化,增加了发生心、脑血管疾病风险的可能;子宫肌瘤的发生率仍需进一步的研究证明。Objective：To explore the health conditions of the women who took oral contraceptives for a long time through physical examination.Methods：The data obtained from physical examination,gynecology examination and blood biochemical tests were analyzed.The women using intrauterine devices（IUDs）served as a control.Results：The systolic and diastolic pressure in the OC group were higher than those in the IUD group（P=0.016 and P0.01,respectively）.The incidences of high systolic and diastolic blood pressure were 11.15% and 14.23% in the OC group and 5.97% and 8.49% in the IUD group,showing the significant differences（P=0.022 and P=0.048,respectively）.There were significant differences in the incidence of abnormally high diastolic blood pressure in the women aged 41~45 and over 46（t=2.300,P=0.029 and t=2.152,P=0.032,respectively）between the two groups.The concentration of total cholesterol（TC）was higher and the ratios of high density lipoprotein（HDL）/TC and HDL/triglycercide（TG）were lower in the OC group（P=0.001,P=0.003 and P=0.020,respectively）,showing that there were more adverse factors.More abnormal uteruses（mainly uterine myoma）were observed by gynecology and ultrasounic examination in the OC group（P=0.029 and P=0.030,respectively）.Conclusions：Long term use of OC has no remarkable effects on health conditions of the women,but increases the risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases by influencing their blood pressure and lipids.Meanwhile,further studies are needed to prove the risk of long term use of OC on the occurrence of uterine myoma.

关 键 词：口服避孕药 高血压 血脂 妇科检查 

分 类 号：R169.4[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]