豚鼠和新西兰兔变应性鼻炎模型建立及比较  

Comparison of allergic rhinitis animal models in guinea pigs and new zealand rabbits

作　　者：张丽[1] 杜经纬[2] 王丽洪[2] 谭毅[3] 龚晓波[1] 江鹏[1] 王智彪[1] 

机构地区：[1]重庆医科大学生物医学工程系、重庆市生物医学工程学重点实验室、重庆市超声医学工程重点实验室-省部共建国家重点实验室培育基地,400016 [2]重庆医科大学附属第一医院耳鼻咽喉科,400016 [3]重庆医科大学实验动物中心,400016

出　　处：《重庆医科大学学报》2010年第3期335-338,共4页Journal of Chongqing Medical University

基　　金：重庆医科大学2005年创新基金(编号:重医大科[2005]8号CX200537)

摘　　要：目的:旨在比较不同动物在不同剂量致敏原诱导下形成变应性鼻炎模型的特点。方法:采用甲苯-2,4-二异氰酸酯(Toluene-2,4-diisocyanate,TDI)致敏豚鼠和新西兰兔制作变应性鼻炎动物模型,在豚鼠和新西兰兔组中又各自使用高低两种TDI剂量。记录建模过程中动物症状体征评分,典型表现;末次激发后行鼻黏膜组织病理学检查及组胺含量测定;记录动物死亡率和建模成功率;对死亡动物行呼吸道解剖和组织病理学检查,探索死亡原因。结果:豚鼠和新西兰兔均能在TDI诱导下形成变应性鼻炎典型症状体征,模型组动物鼻黏膜见大量以嗜酸性粒细胞为主炎症细胞浸润且组胺含量明显增高(与空白对照组比较P<0.01)。但不同动物之间,以及相同动物在不同给药剂量下,其症状体征出现的时间、典型表现、鼻黏膜嗜酸性粒细胞浸润程度、鼻黏膜组胺含量高低、建模死亡率、成功率等均有较大差异。动物死亡原因与药物剂量和变态反应均有一定关系。结论:豚鼠和新西兰兔在不同药物剂量下均可成功建模,但成模特点差异较大,应根据研究目的不同选取所需模型。Objective：To compare the characteristics of allergic rhinitis animal models in two different animals（Guinea pigs and New Zealand rabbits） induced with various doses of toluene-2,4-Diisocyanate（TDI）.Methods：Low dose and high dose of TDI olive oil solution was used as sensitizer to establish models of Guinea pigs and New Zealand rabbits.The typical symptoms and sings of Guinea pigs and New Zealand rabbits were respectively scored during modeling.After the last challenge,nasal mucosa of Guinea pigs and New Zealand rabbits were histopathologically examined and the level of histamine in nasal mucosa was measured by spectrofluorometer.The mortality rates and model success rates were record.Respiratory tracts of dead animals were dissected and histopathologically examined to find out the causes of their death.Results：Compared with control groups,all the Guinea pigs and New Zealand rabbits in model groups got typical symptoms and sings of allergic rhinitis.Histopathology examination of nasal mucosa showed eosinophile cells infiltrating obviously.The levels of histamine in nasal mucosa were highly increased（P0.01）.However,between Guinea pigs and New Zealand rabbits,even the same animal specie but treated with different doses of TDI demonstrated obviously different results during modeling,including the time of symptoms and signs to appear,the most typical symptoms and signs,the degree of invasion of eosinophile cells,the level of histamine in nasal mucosa,the mortality rates and success rates.Dissection of the dead animals shows the cause of death may be connected with the drug doses and allergy.Conclusion：Allergic rhinitis animal models induced with two different doses of TDI in different animals have different characteristics.The selection of animal models should adapt to research purposes.

关 键 词：变应性鼻炎 动物模型 豚鼠 新西兰兔 

分 类 号：R765.21[医药卫生—耳鼻咽喉科]