俄罗斯政治变迁的历史和思想基础及其走向  

Political Change in Russia:The History,Ideological Foundation and Prospect

作　　者：关贵海[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学国际关系学院,副教授100871

出　　处：《国际政治研究》2010年第1期49-66,共18页The Journal of International Studies

摘　　要：在近30年内,俄罗斯经历了非常重大的政治变迁,从意识形态的多元化,到实行相对自由的政党制度;从行政与立法权的分离和制衡,到联邦制框架下的地方分权;从对社会主义阵营的严格控制,到允许东欧原社会主义国家获得真正的主权独立。就其政治变迁的方向和结果而言,俄罗斯的政治变迁既是最彻底的但又是最保守的;若以西方化与本土化之间的较量,或称自由主义与国家主义的冲突为变迁主线的话,在两极之间摇摆是其基本特征,也是俄罗斯的历史宿命。In the past 30 years,Russia has experienced significant political changes,from the diversification of ideology,to the implementation of a relatively free political party system; from the separation of executive and legislative powers with a system of checks and balances,to the decentralization of power within a federal framework; from the strict control over the socialist camp,to allowing former socialist countries in Eastern Europe to truly enjoy sovereignty and independence. For the direction of its political change and the results,Russia's political change is the most thorough and yet also the most conservative. If one were to use the competition between Westernization and localization (or in other words the conflict between Liberalism and Nationalism) as the main stream of the change,then Russia is fated to vacillate between these two extremes.

关 键 词：世界政治 俄罗斯 政治变迁 西方化 本土主义 

分 类 号：D751.2[政治法律—政治学]