发热出疹性疾病流行病学特征分析  

A Study of Epidemiological Characteristics of Rash and Fever Illness

作　　者：张兴录[1] 傅炳南[2] 杨志伟[1] 田效恩 刁琳琪[2] 冯子健[2] 周世义 陈浩利 张建[1] 杨功焕[1] 王克安[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国预防医学科学院,北京市100050 [2]河南省卫生防疫站 [3]河南省新乡市卫生防疫站

出　　处：《中国计划免疫》1999年第1期1-4,共4页Chinese Journal of Vaccines and Immunization

摘　　要：发热出疹性疾病（RashandFeverIllness，RFIs）是以发热、出疹为主要临床表现的疾病。为了解这一组疾病的流行病学特点，以利于开展麻疹监测工作，我们于1996年3月～1997年3月，在河南省3个县1个区开展了发热出疹性病例的流行病学调查．流行病学特征分析发现：麻疹和风疹均表现出春季高发、病例主要以15岁以下儿童发病为主、农村高于城市、以暴发为主等相似的流行病学特点；暴发病例临床诊断的敏感度和特异度较高．本次调查表明：在麻疹监测工作中，应适时开展血清学诊断工作；应注意加强在乡、村级医疗卫生单位的监测工作；风疹是主要需要鉴别的疾病，应加强对风疹的控制；控制麻疹暴发是控制麻疹的主要策略．Rash and Fever Illness (RFIs), mainly manifesting itself in rash and fever symptoms, are usually regarded as measles cases in measles surveillance. In order to know the epidemiological characteristics of this kind of diseases and carry oat measles surveillance well,an investigation of RFIs cases was launched in 3 counties and 1 district of Xinxiang prefecture, Henan Province, from March 1996 to March 1997. Through field investigation, the same distribution of measles and rubella was found. For example, seasonality was very noticeable with incidence increasing by the end of winter and the beginning of spring, most of the cases concentrated in pre-school and school age children, rural incidence was higher than that of urban areas, outbreaks accursed in some areas as mathly the epidemic pattern. For the cases of outbreak, physician's diagnosis had high sensitivity and specificity. In measles surveillance, we should implement serological diagnosis, strengthen surveillance at township level. Measles outbreak control and formulating the plan for rubella control should be considered.

关 键 词：麻疹 风疹 监测 流行病学 

分 类 号：R511.101[医药卫生—内科学] R511.201[医药卫生—临床医学]