噪声对隐藏图形和速度估计作业绩效的影响  

Influence of noise on performance effects of hidden figure and velocity evaluation

作　　者：韩厉萍[1] 吴兴裕 李学义[1] 胡文东[1] 王涛[1] 李小京 

机构地区：[1]第四军医大学空军医学系

出　　处：《中华航海医学杂志》1999年第1期7-9,共3页

摘　　要：目的观察低频中等强度噪声对于人对隐藏图形和速度估计作业绩效的影响。方法２０名健康青年男性受试者，在８５与９５ｄＢ（Ａ）分别暴露２小时，进行了隐藏图形和速度估计作业任务测试，并与５０ｄＢ（Ａ）暴露２小时作自身对照比较。结果与对照比较，在９５ｄＢ（Ａ）噪声条件下暴露２小时，隐藏图形作业的平均反应时显著延长（Ｐ＜０．０５），反应时绩效及综合绩效显著下降（Ｐ＜０．０１）；速度估计作业的正确率显著下降（Ｐ＜０．０１），错误的主要成分为低估比例显著升高（Ｐ＜０．０１）。但８５ｄＢ（Ａ）噪声条件下暴露２小时，仅隐藏图形作业的综合绩效下降及速度估计作业的低估比例显著升高（Ｐ＜０．０５）。结论本试验８５与９５ｄＢ（Ａ）两种强度噪声条件下暴露２小时，对隐藏图形和速度估计作业任务的绩效有一定的影响，表明在目前以保护听力为目的的卫生学标准容许范围的噪声强度，对较为复杂或脑力负荷较大的作业任务的工效会有一定的影响。Objective To investigate the influence of moderate intensity low frequency noise on human performance effects of hidden figure and velocity evaluation.Methods With 2 h 85 or 95 dB(A) separate exposure, the performance tests of hidden figure and velocity evaluation were carried out after each exposure in 20 healthy young male subjects, and were compared with 2 h 50 dB(A) exposure as self control.Results As compared with self control, the mean reaction time(MRT) of hidden figure test was prolonged ( P <0 05) and the MRT performance and total performance both decreased significantly( P <0 01) at the time of 2 h of exposure to the noise of 95 dB(A), meanwhile, the accurate rate of velocity evaluation test decreased significantly( P <0 01) which was mainly due to the incresae of under evaluate rate ( P <0 01). But with 2 h exposure to the noise of 85 dB(A), there were only a decrease of total performance of hidden figure test and an increase of under evaluate rate of velocity evaluation test ( P <0 05).Conclusions With 2 h exposure to the noise of either 85 or 95 dB(A) in our tests, there were shown some influence on the performance effects of hidden figure and velocity evaluation, which demonstrated that noise lower than the present hygienic standard has still some effects on performance of complex tasks with consideable high mental workload.

关 键 词：噪声 工效试验 工效学 航海环境医学 

分 类 号：R831[医药卫生—航空、航天与航海医学] TB533.2[医药卫生—临床医学]