香蕉镰刀菌枯萎病拮抗放线菌的分离筛选及其抑制效果的初步评价  

Isolation of Antagonistic Actinomyces against Banana Fusarium Wilt Disease and Primary Evaluation on Their Inhibition Effects

作　　者：秦涵淳[1,2] 杨腊英[1] 李松伟[1,2] 谢玉萍[1] 黄俊生[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国热带农业科学院环境与植物保护研究所/海南省热带农业有害生物检测监控重点试验室 [2]海南大学,儋州571737

出　　处：《中国生物防治》2010年第2期174-180,共7页Chinese Journal of Biological Control

基　　金：中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项项目(2009HZS1J003);国家科技支撑计划项目(2007BAD48B05);2008农作物病虫害疫情监测与防治项目(ZBC200803);科技部农业成果转化资金项目(2007GB23260410)

摘　　要：香蕉镰刀菌枯萎病是一种由尖孢镰刀菌古巴专化型Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense侵染引起的维管束系统性病害。本试验对从海南省东方、八所、黄流、三亚和广东省湛江、徐闻、海安等香蕉种植地采集的根际土样进行拮抗放线菌的分离纯化,得到放线菌菌株139个。通过纸片扩散法,筛选出对香蕉枯萎病4号生理小种具有拮抗作用的菌株8个。进一步试验表明,其中4个菌株不仅对香蕉枯萎病生理小种4号的菌丝生长有良好稳定的抑制作用,且对另外14个不同专化型病原菌也有一定的抑制作用。另外,分别将这8株放线菌发酵上清液与香蕉枯萎病病原菌孢子悬浮液混合12h后,有6株放线菌发酵上清液对病原菌孢子萌发的抑制率超过85%。盆栽试验结果表明,2株放线菌对香蕉枯萎病防效达86%以上,极显著地高于恶霉灵药剂处理。Banana Fusarium wilt disease is a systemic vascular disease caused by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.cubense.In this paper,139 antagonistic actinomyces strains were isolated from the rhizosphere soil sampled from Dongfang,Basuo,Huangliu,Sanya in Hainan province and Zhanjiang, Xuwen,Hai＇an in Guangdong province.Through Disc diffusion method,8 strains were demonstrated to be antagonistic against F.oxysporum f.sp.cubense race 4.Further experiments showed that 4 strains could not only stably inhibit the mycelial growth of race 4,but also inhibit the other 14 different isolates of F.oxysporum f.sp. glycinea.In addition,the fermentation supernatant from the 8 actinomyces strains could inhibit the spores germination of F.oxysporum when mixed together for 12 h.And 6 of them inhibited by more than 85%.Pot experiments showed that 2 strains had good control effect on banana Fusarium wilt disease by over 86%,very significantly higher than that of hymexazol treatment.

关 键 词：香蕉枯萎病菌 拮抗放线菌 抑制效果 

分 类 号：S476.8[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治] S436.611.19[农业科学—植物保护]