超声内镜引导下经支气管针吸活检对肺部及纵隔病变的诊断价值  

Value of endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration in hilar and mediastinal lesions

作　　者：张蕾[1] 程贵余[1] 吕宁[1] 毛友生[1] 张智慧[1] 李鉴[1] 李晓燕[1] 倪晓光[1] 赖少清[1] 贺舜[1] 于桂香[1] 鞠凤环[1] 荀华英[1] 程荣荣[1] 徐培培[1] 王贵齐[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国医学科学院北京协和医学院肿瘤医院内镜科,100021

出　　处：《中华医学杂志》2010年第16期1109-1112,共4页National Medical Journal of China

摘　　要：目的探讨超声内镜引导下经支气管针吸活检（EBUS—TBNA）在胸内病变诊断中的应用价值。方法对89例影像学检查提示胸内病变的患者[肺部病变者56例，确诊肺癌需进行N分期者7例，单纯纵隔和（或）肺门淋巴结肿大者21例，纵隔占位5例]行EBUS-TBNA，穿刺物行细胞及组织病理学检查。结果89例患者均顺利完成EBUS-TBNA，无一例发生并发症。76例穿刺阳性；5例穿刺阴性；5例因穿刺标本不满意而无法统计。56例肺部病变者中诊断恶性肿瘤45例，良性疾病5例，可疑癌3例；穿刺阴性1例；标本不满意而无法统计2例。7例确诊肺癌需进行N分期者中穿刺结果提示转移5例；穿刺阴性2例。21例单纯纵隔和（或）肺门淋巴结肿大者中诊断恶性肿瘤3例，良性疾病13例；穿刺阴性2例；标本不满意而无法统计3例。5例纵隔占位者均诊断为恶性肿瘤。3例可疑癌患者中1例经CT引导下穿刺、2例经临床随访观察诊断为恶性肿瘤。确诊肺癌而穿刺阴性的2例患者中1例手术后病理证实有淋巴结转移；1例PET-CT检查未见淋巴结转移。另3例穿刺阴性者经临床随访观察均诊断为良性疾病。EBUS—TBNA的敏感性、特异性、阳性预测值及阴性预测值分别为95％、100％、100％及20％。结论EBUS-TBNA是诊断胸内病变的一种安全、有效的方法。Objective To evaluate the diagnostic yield of endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration （EBUS-TBNA） in cases of undiagnosed intrapulmonary lesions. Methods A total of 89 patients with intrathoracic lesions underwent EBUS-TBNA, including 56 pulmonary lesions, 7 lymph node staging in lung cancer patients, 21 unknown hilar and/or mediastinal lymphadenopathies and 5 mediastinal tumors. All samples were evaluated for cytological and pathological examinations. Results No complication of EBUS-TBNA was observed. Among 89 cases, 76 had positive results, 5 negative and 5 cases excluded as unsatisfied samples. In 56 patients with pulmonary lesions, EBUS-TBNA demonstrated 45 malignant tumors, 5 benign diseases, 3 suspicious cancers, 1 negative and 2 unsatisfied samples. In 7 lung cancer patients staged by EBUS-TBNA, 5 showed metastasis and 2 showed no metastasis. In 21 cases with mediastinal and/or hilar lymphadenopathy, EBUS-TBNA demonstrated 3 malignant tumors, 13 benign diseases, 2 negative and 3 unsatisfied samples. All 5 mediastinal lesions were malignant. Three suspicious cancers were confirmed, 1 by CT-guided percutaneous transthoracic needle biopsy and 2 by clinical followups. In 2 lung cancer patients EBUS-TBNA showed negative, 1 surgical sample showed metastasis and another no metastasis by PET-CT. Three negative cases were diagnosed as benign by clinical follow-ups. The diagnostic sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of EBUS-TBNA were 95%, 100%, 100% and 20% respectively. Conclusion EBUS-TBNA is both effective and safe in making a diagnosis of intrathoracic lesions.

关 键 词：支气管镜检查 腔内超声检查 活组织检查 针吸 肺疾病 纵隔疾病 

分 类 号：R445.1[医药卫生—影像医学与核医学]